Information AboutWrestling |
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Physical techniques which embody the style of wrestling are Clinching , Holding , Locking , and Leverage . Avoiding potentially lethal techniques, wrestling has aspects of Ritual Fighting , but its basic principles are closely related to those of military Hand-to-hand Combat or Self-defence systems. Many styles of wrestling are known all over the world and have long histories, and sport wrestling (particularly Amateur Wrestling ) has become an Olympic Sport . HISTORY Ancient (1855)]] Middle and Far East The , for which Jacob was subsequently renamed '' Israel ''. (Israel translates to "wrestles (or strives) with God".)Poliakoff, Michael B. "Jacob, Job, and Other Wrestlers," ''Journal of Sport History'', Summer 1984, v. 11:2, pp. 48-55. The Mahabharata , one of the major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, describes the encounter between the accomplished wrestlers of Bhima and Jarasandha ; "grasping each other in various ways by means of their arms, and kicking each other with such violence as to affect the innermost nerves, they struck at each other's breasts with clenched fists. With bare arms as their only weapons roaring like clouds they grasped and struck each other like two mad elephants encountering each other with their trunks". The Mahabharata, SECTION XXIII, p. 51 The popular folk wrestling style of India performed on a mud surface called the ''akhara'' follows the Indian tradition. Shuai Jiao , a wrestling style originating in China , is arguably the most ancient of all Chinese martial arts, with a reported history of over 4,000 years. (The date may be legendary, but wrestling was reportedly used by the Yellow Emperor during his fight against the rebel Chih Yiu and his army in 2697 BC.) During these matches, the combatants reportedly wore horned helmets that they used to gore their opponents while using a primitive form of Grappling . This early style of combat was first called Jiao Ti (butting with horns). Throughout the centuries, the hands and arms replaced the horns while the techniques increased and improved. The name Jiao Ti also changed over time, both through common usage and government decree. http://www.kuoshu.co.uk ; see also Peiser, Benny, "Western Theories about the Origins of Sport in Ancient China," ''Sports Historian'', May 1996, v. 16, 117-139. Mediterranean The first documented evidence of wrestling in could be found. "Wrestling, Freestyle" by Michael B. Poliakoff from ''Encyclopedia of World Sport: From Ancient Times to the Present'', Vol. 3, p. 1189, eds. David Levinson and Karen Christensen (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 1996). During the period of celebrates the rise of Zeus as ruler of the earth after a wrestling match with his father, Kronos . Both Herakles and Theseus were famous for their wrestling against man and beast. Late Greek tradition also stated that Plato was known for wrestling in the Isthmian Games . "Wrestling, Freestyle" by Michael B. Poliakoff from ''Encyclopedia of World Sport: From Ancient Times to the Present'', Vol. 3, p. 1193, eds. David Levinson and Karen Christensen (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 1996). This continued into the Hellenistic period. Ptolemy II and Ptolemy III of Egypt were both depicted in art as victorious wrestlers. After the Roman conquest of the Greeks, Greek Wrestling was absorbed by the Roman culture and became Roman Wrestling during the period of the Roman Empire (510 BC to AD 500). Arabic literature depicted Muhammad as a skilled wrestler, defeating a skeptic in a match at one point. By the eighth century, the Byzantine emperor Basil I , according to court historians, won in wrestling against a boastful wrestler from Bulgaria . "Wrestling, Freestyle" by Michael B. Poliakoff from ''Encyclopedia of World Sport: From Ancient Times to the Present'', Vol. 3, p. 1193, eds. David Levinson and Karen Christensen (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 1996). Middle Ages | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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