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RAILWAYS


''total:''
27,882 km (1,122 km electrified); note - excludes urban rail

''broad gauge:''
4,057 km 1.600-m gauge

''narrow gauge:''
23,489 km 1.000-m gauge

''dual gauge:''
336 km 1.000-m and 1.600-m gauges (three rails) (1999 est.)

''standard gauge:''
10 km 1.435mm gauge - line 5 of the São Paulo Metro so that they can use off the shelf equipment. Estrada de Ferro do Amapá on the middle of the Amazon Jungle also uses standard gauge.

A 12km section of the former 0.76m gauge Estrada De Ferro Oeste De Minas is retained as a Heritage Railway .


Cities with Metros



Railway links with adjacent countries




HIGHWAYS


''See main article: '' Brazilian Highway System ''

''total:''
1.98 million km

''paved:''
184,140 km (11,000 km of expressways)

''unpaved:''
1,795,860 km (1996 est.)


TRAMWAYS (STREET RAILWAYS)


Brazil had a hundred tramway systems, see {Link without Title}

Currently, there are vintage tramways operating in Belem Campinas [http://www.tramz.com/br/cp/pp.html , Campos de Jordao Itatinga [http://www.tramz.com/br/it/it.html , Rio de Janeiro and Santos [http://www.tramz.com/br/ss/st.html .


WATERWAYS

50,000 km navigable


PIPELINES

Crude Oil 2,980 km; Petroleum products 4,762 km; Natural Gas 4,246 km (1998)


SEAPORTS AND HARBORS

Belem , Fortaleza , Ilheus , Imbituba , Manaus , Paranagua , Porto Alegre , Recife , Rio De Janeiro , Rio Grande , Salvador , Santos , Sao Sebastiao , Vitoria , Itajaí


MERCHANT MARINE


''total:''
174 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,964,808 GRT/6,403,284 DWT

''ships by type:''
bulk 34, cargo 28, chemical tanker 5, combination ore/oil 9, container 10, liquified gas 10, multi-functional large load carrier 1, passenger/cargo 5, petroleum tanker 59, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off 11, short-sea passenger 1 (1999 est.)


AIRPORTS

3,277 (1999 est.)

Most international flights must go to Guarulhos International Airport in São Paulo or Galeão International Airport in Rio de Janeiro. Salvador is the main international airport outside Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. A few go to Brasilia, Recife, Natal, and just recently Fortaleza has accepted international flights. With South American integration, more airports can be expected to open to international flights.


Airports - with paved runways


''total:''
541

''over 3,047 m:''
5

''2,438 to 3,047 m:''
20

''1,524 to 2,437 m:''
138

''914 to 1,523 m:''
346

''under 914 m:''
32 (1999 est.)


Airports - with unpaved runways


''total:''
2,736

''1,524 to 2,437 m:''
73

''914 to 1,523 m:''
1,306

''under 914 m:''
1,357 (1999 est.)


NATIONAL AIRLINES

See also Airlines Of Brazil