Information AboutTon |
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| units of mass | |
| units of volume | |
| customary units in the united states | |
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UNITS OF MASS There are three similar units of Mass called the ton: # Long Ton (simply '''ton''' in countries such as the United Kingdom which formerly used the Imperial System of weights and measures) is a '''weight ton''' or '''gross ton''', and is 2,240 lb (exactly 1,016.0469088 Kg ). In the UK and most of the areas which used the Imperial system, the metric Tonne (1000 kg), which it is conveniently very similar to—less than 2% difference—is the only form of ton legal for trade.
# Short Ton (usually called simply '''ton''', in the USA or sometimes called a ''net ton'') = 2000 lb (exactly 907.18474 Kg ).
# Metric Ton , usually referred to as a ''tonne'', is 1000 Kg (or 1 Mg ) or approximately 2,204.6 Pound s. Both the long ton and the short ton are composed of twenty Hundredweight s, each having different values for the hundredweight (112 and 100 pounds respectively). Prior to the 15th Century in England , the ton was composed of 20 hundredweights, each of 108 lb, giving a ton of 2160 pounds. Assay ton (abbreviation 'AT') is not a unit of measurement (nobody ever has ''x'' assay tons of something), but rather a standard quantity used in Assay ing ores of precious metals; it is 29 1/6 grams (short assay ton) or 32 2/3 grams (long assay ton), the amount which bears the same ratio to a milligram as a short/long ton bears to a Troy Ounce . In other words, the number of milligrams of a particular metal found in a sample of this size gives the number of troy ounces contained in a short/long ton of ore. In documents which predate 1960 the word ''ton'' may be spelt ''tonne'', however in more recent documents the spelling ''tonne'' refers exclusively to the metric Tonne . In the context of Nuclear Power Plant s, tHM and '''MTHM''' mean (metric) tonnes of Heavy Metal , and MTU means metric tonnes of Uranium . In the Steel industry, the acronym '''THM''' has the meaning 'tons/tonnes hot metal', which refers to the amount of liquid iron or steel that is produced (particularly in the context of Blast Furnace production/specific consumption). A dry ton or '''dry tonne''' has the same mass value, but the material ( Sludge , slurries, Compost , and similar mixtures in which solid material is soaked with or suspended in Water ) has been dried to a relatively low, consistent Moisture level ( Dry Weight ). If the material is in its natural, wet state, it is called a '''wet ton''' or '''wet tonne'''. COMMON ABBREVIATIONS In the U.S. mining industry, 'T' is used to distinguish the traditional ton from the metric ton, but 'T' is also the SI symbol for the tesla. The symbol 't', traditionally used for the long or short ton, is now reserved for the metric tonne. UNITS OF FORCE There are also the units of force based on each of these three mass units, but none are acceptable for use with SI . The tonne force, like the kilogram force, is no exception. Only the tonne as a unit of mass is acceptable for use with SI.
UNITS OF VOLUME Also see Tonnage . The freight ton or '''measurement ton''' is a unit of volume used for describing Ship capacities ( Tonnage ) or cargo. One measurement ton is equal to:
The measurement ton is abbreviated as M/T, MT, or MTON, which can cause it to be confused with the Metric Ton . The register ton is also a unit of volume used for the cargo capacity of a ship, defined as 100 cubic feet (roughly 2.83 cubic metres). It is often abbreviated '''GRT''' for '''gross registered ton'''. It is known as a ''tonneau de mer'' in Belgium, but, in France, a ''tonneau de mer'' is 1.44 cubic metres or about 1.88 cubic yards. The Panama Canal net ton, a unit of volume used for billing for ships going through the Panama Canal , is the same as the register ton. The fee for example in the 1990 s was roughly a couple USD for each unit. The water ton was formerly used in Great Britain and equal to 224 Imperial Gallon s (the volume occupied by a mass of one long ton under the conditions which define the imperial gallon). See 1 E-1 M³ and Orders Of Magnitude (volume) for a comparison with other volumes. (Note that volume tons are units of convenience used in shipping and are not useful in science except that they are exactly defined.) UNITS OF ENERGY AND POWER Ton of TNT
Note that these are small calories (cal). The dietary Calorie (Cal) is distinct and equal to one kilocalorie. Early values for the explosive energy released by Trinitrotoluene (TNT) ranged from 900 to 1100 calories per gram. In order to standardise the use of the term ''TNT'' as a unit of energy, an arbitrary value was assigned based on 1000 calories (1 kcal, 4.184 kilo Joules ) per gram. Thus there is no longer a direct connection to the chemical TNT itself. It is now merely a unit of energy that happens to be expressed using words normally associated with mass (e.g. kilogram, tonne, pound) (IAEA references: [http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Magazines/Bulletin/Bull404/article1.pdf ). The definition applies for both spellings: ''ton of TNT'' and ''tonne of TNT''. Measurements in tons of TNT have been used primarily to express Nuclear Weapon Yield s, though they have also been used since in Seismology as well. ton of coal equivalent
ton of oil equivalent
Refrigeration ton The unit ''ton'' is used in refrigeration and Air-conditioning to measure heat absorption. Prior to the introduction of mechanical refrigeration, cooling was accomplished by delivering ice. Installing one ton of refrigeration replaced the daily delivery of one ton of ice.
12 Marks' Standard handbook for Mechanical Engineers, 8th Ed., McGraw Hill, p. 19-3 TRUCK CLASSES When the light duty trucks were first produced, they were rated by their payload capacity in tons (e.g. 1/2-, 3/4-, & 1-ton). The Ford F-150, Chevy/GMC 1500, & Dodge 1500 are a 1/2-ton. The Ford F-250, Chevy/GMC 2500, & Dodge 2500 are a 3/4-ton. The Ford F-350, Chevy/GMC 3500, & Dodge 3500 are a 1-ton. But throughout the years, the payload capacities have increased while the ton title has stayed the same. The current ton rating is nothing more than just a truck name. MISCELLANEOUS TONS
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