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In Music , a suite is an organized set of Instrumental or Orchestra l pieces normally performed at a single sitting, as a separate musical performance, not accompanying an Opera , Ballet , or theater-piece. In the Baroque era, the pieces are usually in the same key, "suite - Encyclopædia Britannica" (overview), ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online'', 2006, Britannica.com webpage: BritannicaCom-suite . and generally modelled after dance music. The suite was also known as ''Suite de danses'', or ''Ordre'' (for example by François Couperin ) or ''Partita''. In the eighteenth century, suites were also known as concert Overture s or Ouverture s. After the Symphonic Poems of Franz Liszt in the 1840s and 1850s , suites also included collections of Tone Poem s. HISTORY Estienne Du Tertre published ''suyttes de bransles'' in 1557 , giving the first general use of the term "suite" (''suyttes'') in music, although the usual form of the time was as pairs of dances. The first recognizable suite is Peuerl 's ''Newe Padouan, Intrada, Dantz, and Galliarda'' of 1611 , in which the four dances of the title appear repeatedly in ten suites. The ''Banchetto musicale'' by Johann Schein ( 1617 ) contains 20 sequences of five different dances. The "classical" suite consisted of Allemande , Courante , Sarabande , and Gigue , in that order, and developed during the 17th Century in France , the gigue appearing later than the others. Johann Jakob Froberger is usually credited with establishing the classical suite through his compositions in this form, which were widely published and copied. Many later suites included other movements placed between sarabande and gigue. These optional movements were known as '', Gavotte , Passepied , and Bourree . Often there would be two contrasting ''galanteries'' with the same name, e.g. Minuet I and II, to be played ''alternativement'', meaning that the first dance is played again after the second, thus I, II, I. The later addition of an Overture to make up an "overture-suite" was extremely popular with German composers; Telemann claimed to have written over 200 overture-suites, J.S. Bach had his four orchestral suites along with other suites, and George Frideric Handel put his '' Water Music '' and '' Music For The Royal Fireworks '' in this form. Handel wrote 22 keyboard suites; Bach produced multiple suites for Cello , Violin , Flute , and other instruments, as well as English Suites , French Suites and Partita s for keyboard. For Bach especially, the suite form was a base on which to spin more elaborate sequences. François Couperin 's later suites often dispensed entirely with the standard dances and consisted entirely of character pieces with fanciful names. By the 1750s , the suite had come to be seen as old-fashioned, superseded by the Symphony and Concerto , and few composers were still writing suites during that time. In the 19th Century , the term "suite" made a comeback, but now meaning either:
Brought on by Impressionism , the piano suite was reintroduced in early 20th century French composers such as Maurice Ravel and Claude Debussy . Debussy's Suite Bergamasque is most likely one of the most famous suites, especially the third movement, Clair de Lune. Ravel is particularly well known for his Mirroirs suite for piano and lesser known for Le Tombeau De Couperin , both requiring tremendous skill and dexterity by the pianist. Other famous examples of early 20th century suites are '' The Planets '' by Gustav Holst , a 'Suite for Orchestra' in which each piece represents the Astrological significance of one of the seven uninhabited planets then known, as well as his First Suite In E-flat and Second Suite In F For Military Band . FORM OF ''SUITE DE DANSES'' The term ''suite de danses'' () was the early 17th Century name given to a set of Dance s, which was popularised in the Baroque era. Sections The Suite de dances would contain the following sections:
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