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Stereochemistry, a subdiscipline of Chemistry , involves the study of the relative spatial arrangement of Atom s within Molecule s. An important branch of stereochemistry is the study of Chiral molecules. Stereochemistry is a hugely important facet of chemistry and the study of stereochemical problems spans the entire range of this subject: Organic , Inorganic , Biological , Physical and Supramolecular Chemistry . Stereochemistry includes methods for determining and describing these relationships; the effect on the Physical or Biological properties these relationships impart upon the molecules in question, and the manner in which these relationships influence the reactivity of the molecules in question ( Dynamic Stereochemistry ). Louis Pasteur could rightly be described as the first stereochemist, having observed in 1849 that Salt s of Tartaric Acid collected from Wine production vessels could rotate plane Polarized Light , but that salts from other sources did not. This property, the only physical property in which the two types of tartrate salts differed, is due to Optical Isomerism . In 1874 , Jacobus Henricus Van 't Hoff and Joseph Le Bel explained optical activity in terms of the tetrahedral arrangement of the atoms bound to carbon. One of the most infamous demonstrations of the significance of stereochemistry is the and must be used with contraceptives in women to prevent pregnancy related deformations. This disaster was a driving force behind requiring strict testing of drugs before making them available to the public. Cahn-Ingold-Prelog Priority Rules are part of a system for describing a molecule's stereochemistry. They rank the atoms around a stereocenter in a standard way, allowing the relative position of these atoms in the molecule to be described unambiguously. A Fischer Projection is a simplified way to depict the stereochemistry around a stereocenter. SEE ALSO EXTERNAL LINKS
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