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]] Ship breaking or '''ship demolition''' is a type of Recycling involving the breaking up of Ship s for Scrap . Most ships have a lifespan of a few decades before there is too much wear to make refit and repair practical. Ship breaking allows for materials from the ship, especially steel, to be given a new life in a new vessel. A ship that has been scrapped is sometimes colloquially said to have been "made into Razor Blade s." HISTORY AND TRANSITION Until the late Twentieth Century , ship breaking took place in port cities in the "First World," including the United States . Today, however, most ship breaking yards are in Developing Nation s, principally Bangladesh , China , and India , due to lower labor costs and less stringent environmental regulations dealing with the disposal of lead paint and other toxic substances. Few "breakers" remain in the United States. In addition to steel and other useful materials, however, ships (particularly older vessels) can contain many substances now banned or considered dangerous. Asbestos is a typical example of this type of substance. Asbestos was used heavily in the shipping world until it was finally banned in most of the developed world in the mid 1980s. Currently, the costs associated with removing asbestos, along with the potentially expensive insurance and health risks, have meant that ship-breaking in much of the western world is no longer economically viable. Removing the metal for scrap can potentially cost more than the scrap value of the metal itself. In the developing world, however, shipyards can operate without the risk of Personal Injury Lawsuits or Workers' Health Claims , meaning many of these shipyards operate with extremely high health risks. No protective equipment is provided, which among many other things, means dangerous vapours from burning materials are frequently inhaled and dusty asbestos-laden areas are commonplace. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS Aside from the health of the yard workers, in recent years, ship breaking has also become an issue of major Environmental Concern . Many ship breaking yards in developing nations have lax or no Environmental Law , enabling large quantities of highly toxic materials to escape into the environment and causing serious health problems among wildlife, shipbreakers and the local population. Environmental campaign groups such as Greenpeace have made the issue a high priority for their campaigns. 1 As an alternative to ship breaking, many ships are also sunk to make Artificial Reef s after being cleaned up. SEE ALSO REFERENCES FURTHER READING
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