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A ringtone or '''ring tone''' ('''ringing tone''' in the British Isles) is the sound made by a Telephone to indicate an incoming call. The term, however, is most often used to refer to the customizable sounds available on Mobile Phone s. This facility was originally provided so that people would be able to determine when their phone was ringing when in the company of other mobile phone owners. A phone only rings when a special "ringing signal" is sent to it. For regular telephones, the ringing signal is a 90- Volt , 20- Hertz , AC wave generated by the switch to which the telephone is connected. For mobile phones, the ringing signal is a specific, radio-frequency signal. A Telephone ring is the sound generated when an incoming Telephone Call is received. The term originated from the fact that telephones notified the household of an incoming call by repeatedly striking a bell or bells, producing a ringing sound. This "Magneto" bell system is still in widespread use; newer telephones use electronic sounders to produce other noises, but the term "ring" is still used. The ringing signal sent to a customer's telephone is AC at around 90 Volt s (at 20 Hertz in North America, because of the use of 60 Hz mains; other regions with 50 Hz mains use 25 Hz); modern telephones electronically produce a Warbling or Chirp ing sound. The signal is sent for every ring and allows phone operators to provide several services with different kinds of rings (for example, rings with a shorter interval between them might be used to signal a call from a given number). When a home phone rings, it may carry Caller ID information and present it on a screen. The ringing cadence differs between telephone administrations: the UK and many countries of the British Commonwealth use "brr-brr" at 2s intervals; north America and much of continental Europe use "brr" with a variety of intervals. HISTORY The first commercial mobile ring tones were created and delivered in Finland in 1998 when a Finnish mobile operator services and contained also Social Media aspects like composing, sharing and rating ring tones. The Harmonium also created quickly a need for high quality professional ring tones and commercial ring tone libraries. The rise of 2006 , the BBC reported that "free ringtones" was the eighth most likely search term to return links to Malware . BBC News: Warning on search engine safety By 2005, ring tones generating more than $2 billion in annual worldwide revenues.Mehta, Stephanie N. (December 12, 2005) , whereby the user's voice is recorded to a popular track and then "tuned-up" automatically to sound good. This can then be downloaded as a ringtone or sent to another user's mobile phone. RINGING SIGNAL A ''ringing signal'' is an electric Telephony signal that causes a telephone to alert the user to an incoming call. On a POTS telephone system, this is created by sending an Alternating Current signal of about 100 Volt s into the line. Today this signal may be transmitted digitally for much of the journey, provided as an alternating current only in that majority of Landline s that are not digital end-to-end. In old phones, this voltage was used to trigger a high- Impedance electromagnet to ring a bell on the phone. Fixed Phone s of the late 20th century and after detect this AC voltage and trigger a warbling tone electronically. Mobile phones are fully digital, hence are signalled to ring as part of the protocol they use to communicate with the cell base stations. In fixed POTS phones, ringing is said to be "tripped" when the impedance of the line reduces to about 600 Ohms when the telephone handset is lifted off the switch-hook. This signals that the telephone call has been answered, and the telephone exchange immediately removes the ringing signal from the line and connects the call. This is the source of the name of the problem called "ring-trip" or "pre-trip", which occurs when the ringing signal on the line encounters excessively low resistance between the conductors, which trips the ring before the subscriber's actual telephone has a chance to ring (for more than a very short time); this is common with wet weather and improperly installed lines. Early research showed that people would wait until the phone stopped ringing before picking it up. Breaks were introduced into the signal to avoid this problem, resulting in the common ring-pause-ring cadence pattern used today. In early Party Line systems this pattern was a Morse Code letter indicating who should pick up the phone, but today, with individual lines, the only surviving patterns are a single ring and double-ring, originally Morse code letters T and M respectively. The ringing pattern is known as Ring Cadence . This only applies to POTS fixed phones, where the high voltage ring signal is switched on and off to create the ringing pattern. In North America, the standard ring cadence is "2-4", or two seconds of ringing followed by four seconds of silence. In the UK, the standard ring cadence is 400 ms on, 200 ms off, 400 ms on, 2000 ms off. These patterns may vary from region to region, and other patterns are used in different countries around the world. A service akin to party line ringing is making a comeback in some small office and home office situations allowing Facsimile machines and telephones to share the same line but have different telephone numbers; this CLASS feature is usually called Distinctive Ring ing generically, though carriers assign it Trademark ed names such as "Smart Ring". This feature is also used for a second phone number assigned to the same physical line for roommates or teenagers, in which case it is sometimes marketed under the name teen line. Caller ID signals are sent during the silent interval between the first and second bursts of the ringing signals. The interrupted ring signal was designed to attract attention and studies showed that an intermittent two tone ring was the easiest to hear. This had nothing to do with the coded ringing that was used on party line. FEATURES Whereas older telephones simply used a pair of Bells for the ringer, modern ring tones have become extremely diverse, leading to phone personalization and customization. Newer mobile phones allow the users to associate different ring tones for different phone book entries. Taking advantage of these features, a new Ringtone Maker trend has emerged. For example, websites like Mobilephoria, Phonezoo, Phone Sherpa, and Dopetone let users make ringtones from the music they already own (MP3, CD etc.) and upload directly to their mobile phone with no limit on the number of songs uploaded. In addition to the cost benefits, a key feature is the music editor that lets the user easily pick the part of the song they wish to set as a ringtone. Such services automatically detect the phone settings to ensure the best file type and format. There are however providers who have already edited and trimmed the song for you. Others also allow users to create their own music tones, either with a "melody composer" or a sample/loop arranger (such as the MusicDJ in many Sony Ericsson phones). However, these use native formats only available to one particular phone model or brand. Although other formats, such as MIDI or MP3, are often supported; they must be downloaded to the phone before they can be used as a normal ring tone. Commercial ring tones take advantage of this functionality, which has led to the success of the mobile music industry. Southern rapper Chamillionaire was the first to have a ring tone go 3x platinum for the hit single "Ridin." He now has his own category on certain phones. The latest innovation is the sing tone, a type of karaoke ring tone where a user’s voice recording is adjusted to be both in time and in tune then mixed with a backing track to make a user-created ring tone. An alternative to a ring tone for mobile phones is a vibrating alert. It may be useful:
TYPES OF RINGTONES
A Monophonic ringtone is a ringtone that can play only one type of musical tone at a time.
A Polyphonic ringtone is a ringtone that can play several types of tones at a time (up to 72 in recent phones). The first polyphonic ringtones used Sequenced Recording methods such as MIDI . Such recordings specify what instrument should play a note at a given time, but the actual instrument sound is dependent upon the playback device.
A Truetone is a Ring tone which has been encoded with a high fidelity format such MP3, AAC, or WMV format, and represents the latest evolution of the ringtone. It is often also referred to as a Mastertone, a Realtone or a Superphonic Ringtone. Real tones, which are often excerpts from pop songs, have become popular as ringtones. A recent innovation is the Singtone , whereby the user’s voice is recorded to a popular track and then “tuned-up” automatically to sound in key. This can then be downloaded as a ringtone or sent to another user’s mobile phone. RINGTONE FORMATS
RINGTONE MAKER A ''ringtone maker'' allows a user to take a song from their music collection, pick the part that they like and send the file to their mobile phone. Users should beware of "free" ringtone makers, as they often use fine print to sign the user up for text alerts or a subscription that charges the users phone bill and is hard to cancel. In many cases, ringtone maker companies offer "sharing" which can be a violation of Copyright laws unless the artist has specifically licensed their music to be shared. CRITICISM Ring Tone Advertising Campaigns have become hugely popular, though they have also attracted a great deal of criticism. For example, in May 2005 Jamster! bought 73,716 spots across all TV channels for the Crazy Frog advertisements. In 2007 . On July 20, 2005, the Utility Consumers' Action Network ( UCAN ), a non-profit California consumer advocacy organization, filed a complaint with the reached a settlement on October 19, 2006, which resulted in stronger notification and authorization requirements for Cingular regarding non-communications charges and also required Cingular to institute a ready means to address billing issues and cancel wireless content services, such as ring tones. ''Utility Consumers' Action Network v. Cingular Wireless-Opinion Approving Settlement'', California Public Utilities Commission October 19, 2006 Retrieved March 16, 2007 SEE ALSO EXTERNAL LINKS
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