Radical Initiator

Like all Diatomic Molecule s, Halogen s can generate two free radicals resulting from the Homolysis of the bond, but Halogen s undergo the Homolytic Fission relatively easily. Chlorine , for example, gives two chlorine radicals (Cl•) by irradiation with Ultraviolet Light . This process is used for Chlorination of Alkane s.

Azo Compound s (R- N = N -R') can be the precursor of two Carbon -centered radicals (R• and R'•) and Nitrogen gas upon heating and/or by irradiation. For example, AIBN and ABCN yield isobutyronitrile and cyclohexanecarbonitrile radicals, respectively.

Organic Peroxide s each have a peroxide bond (- O - O -), which is readily cleaved to give two Oxygen -centered radicals. The oxyl radicals are rather unstable and believed to be transformed into relatively stable Carbon -centered radicals. For example, di-''t''(tertiary)- Butyl peroxide (^''t'' Bu OO ^''t'' Bu ) gives two ''t''-butanoyl radicals (^''t'' Bu O •) and the radicals become Methyl radicals ( C H ₃•) with the loss of Acetone . Benzoyl Peroxide (( Ph C OO )₂) generates benzoyloxyl radicals ( Ph C OO •), each of which loses Carbon Dioxide to be converted into a Phenyl radical ( Ph •). Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide is also common, and Acetone Peroxide is on rare occasions used as a radical initiator, too.

Radical initiators, especially Azo Compound s and Organic Peroxide s, are inherently unstable. They must be kept in a cool place or refrigerated. Care should be taken with the handling of the compounds or an Explosion may occur.

See also: Initiator

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Radical Initiator