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A pronunciation spelling of a word is a spelling intentionally different from the standard spelling, used to emphasize a particular pronunciation of the word. The spelling uses the regular spelling rules of the language. Most are Nonce coinages, but some have become standardised, e.g. ''gonna'' to represent the pronunciation of ''going to,'' as in ''I'm gonna catch you.'' RESPELLING Pronunciation spellings may be used informally to indicate the pronunciation of foreign words or those whose spelling is irregular or not sufficient to deduce the pronunciation. This is called respelling. In such cases, Typeface , Punctuation or Letter Case may also be used, e.g. to indicate Stress or Syllabication : :"Diarrhoea" is pronounced DYE-uh-REE-a This offers a sometimes intuitive alternative to systems like the International Phonetic Alphabet , which offer precise descriptions but need to be learned. However, it relies on the writer's encoding mapping to the same Phoneme s as the reader's; e.g. might be adequate for a Non-rhotic reader but not a rhotic one. LITERARY DIALECT Pronunciation spellings are frequently used in narratives to represent Nonstandard Dialect s or Idiolect s, often to create an impression of backwardness or Illiteracy . This is called literary dialect, or often called ''' Eye Dialect ''', though originally the latter term was applied only where the resulting pronunciation is the same as the standard one, e.g. :"Pleese, mistur," said the beggar. OTHER USES Pronunciation spellings as deliberate misspellings may be used for humorous effect; a craze for this in the United States in the 1830s included "Oll Korrect", later reduced to OK . Such spellings may also be used for Brand ing, e.g. " Lite " foods, Toys "Я" Us . SEE ALSO LINKS REFERENCES
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