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A Fully Abstract model for PCF was first given by Milner (1977). However, since Milner's model was essentially based on the syntax of PCF it was considered less than satisfactory (Ong, 1995). The first two fully abstract models not employing syntax were formulated during the 1990s. These models are based on Game Semantics (Hyland and Ong, 2000; Abramsky, Jagadeesan, and Malacaria, 2000) and Kripke Logical Relations (O'Hearn and Riecke, 1995). For a time it was felt that neither of these models was completely satisfactory, since they were not effectively presentable. However, Ralph Loader demonstrated that no effectively presentable fully abstract model could exist, since the question of program equivalence in the finitary fragment of PCF is not decidable.


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  Author Abramsky, S, Jagadeesan, R, and Malacaria, P
  Title Full Abstraction for PCF
  Journal Information and Computation
  Date 2000
  Pages 409-470
  Volume 163
  Issue 2


  Author Hyland, J M E and Ong, C-H L
  Title On Full Abstraction for PCF
  Journal Information and Computation
  Date 2000
  Pages 285-408
  Volume 163
  Issue 2


  Author O'Hearn, P W and Riecke, J G
  Title Kripke Logical Relations and PCF
  Journal Information and Computation
  Date 1995
  Pages 107-116
  Volume 120
  Issue 1


  Author Loader, R
  Title Finitary PCF is not decidable
  Journal Theoretical Computer Science
  Date 2001
  Pages 341-364
  Volume 266
  Issue 1-2


  Author Plotkin, G D
  Title LCF considered as a programming language
  Journal Theoretical Computer Science
  Date 1977
  Pages 223-255
  Volume 5