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During World War II , the Luftwaffe launched The Blitz , a night-bombing campaign of British towns. In early 1941 , 5 raids reduced much of Plymouth to rubble. The royal dockyards at Devonport were the main target in order to facilitate Nazi German domination during The Battle Of The Atlantic . Despite massive damage to the centre of Plymouth and surrounding areas, the dockyards were relatively unscathed. At one point it was estimated that 1 in 5 of the city's population of approximately 220,000 was rendered homeless. The rebuilding of the city centre attracted continuing controversy due to its Modernist design and necessarily rapid completion.