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Peer Production




The term was first introduced in Benkler's seminal paper and The Nature Of The Firm '' - a paper by Yochai Benkler defining what Commons-Based Peer Production is and how it works. The paper also includes a long study of what motivates contributors.

"People participate in peer production communitites for a wide range of intrinsic and self-interested reasons....basically, people who participate in peer production communities love it. They feel passionate about their particular area of expertise and revel in creating something new or better." Wikinomics: How Mass Collaboration Changes Everything (2006), by Don Tapscott and Anthony D. Williams, Portfolio Books, p 70

Another definition, by Aaron Krowne (''''.


EXAMPLES


Examples of products created by means of commons-based peer production include Linux , a Computer Operating System ; Slashdot , a news and announcements website; Kuro5hin , a discussion site for technology and culture; Wikipedia , an online Encyclopedia ; and Clickworkers , a collaborative scientific work.


OUTGROWTHS


Several unexpected but foreseeable outgrowths have been:

  • Customization/Specialization. With Free And Open Source Software small groups are capable to customize a large project to specific needs.

  • Immortality. Once code is released under a Copyleft Free Software License the genie cannot be put back into the bottle.

  • Cross-fertilization. Experts in a field can work on more than one project with no legal hassles.

  • Technology Revisions: A core technology gives rise to new implementations of existing projects.

  • Technology Clustering: Groups of products tend to cluster around a core set of technology and integrate with one another.



RELATED CONCEPTS


The ease in joining and leaving is a feature of Adhocracies .

The principle of commons-based peer production is similar to Collective Invention , a model of Open Innovation in economics coined by Robert Allen.Robert C. Allen (1983): '' Collective invention ''. In: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 4(1), p. 1-24

In 2006 Yochai Benkler also published The Wealth Of Networks , a book that builds heavily on the concept of commons-based peer production.


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