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This page is about the duplication instrument. For devices on trains, see: For the knife, see: A pantograph (from Greek roots παντ- 'all, every' and γραφ- 'to write', from their original use for copying writing) is a Mechanical Linkage connected in a special manner based on Parallelogram s so that they move in a fixed relationship to each other. HISTORY The first pantograph was constructed in 1603 "The Galileo Project - Scheiner, Christoph" (history), Al Van Helden, Galileo Project, 1995, webpage: GPsch . by Christoph Scheiner , who used the device to re-create diagrams, but he wrote about the invention over 27 years later, in ''"Pantographice"'' (Rome 1631 ). The full title of ''"Pantographice"'' is ''"Pantographice'' ''seu Ars delineandi res quaslibet per parallelogrammum'' ''lineare seu cavum"'' (Rome 1631 ). One arm of the pantograph contained a small pointer while the other held a drawing implement, and by moving the pointer over a diagram, a copy of the diagram was drawn on another piece of paper. By changing the positions of the arms in the linkage between the pointer arm and drawing arm, the scale of the image produced can be changed. A more complicated version called Eidograph was developed by William Wallace in 1831. Besides use in copying plans or diagrams, pantographs have been used in milling and engraving to control the carving of copies from a guideline pattern or object. Modern versions of pantographs can be found in many toy stores. TRIVIA
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