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CC7722
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204g=119b= 34
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0m= 42y= 83k= 20
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30s= 83v= 80
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or '''Ocher''' (pronounced //, from the
Greek ὠχρός, yellow) is a
Color , usually described as
Golden -
Yellow or light yellow
Brown .
As a
Painting Pigment it exists in at least four forms:
- Yellow Ochre , Fe 2 O 3 • H 2 O , a Hydrate d Iron Oxide
- Red Ochre , Fe2O3, chemically identical to yellow ochre, but reddened through heating
- Purple ochre, identical to red ochre chemically but of a different hue caused by different light diffraction properties associated with a greater average particle size
- Brown ochre ( Goethite ), also partly hydrated Iron Oxide ( Rust )
For further information, see the articles on the individual ochres.
They are found throughout the world in many shades. Many sources consider the best brown ochre to come from
Cyprus , and the best yellow and red ochre from
Roussillon ,
France . All have been used since prehistoric times, and are among the oldest pigments used.
When the mineral was found in
Brixham England , it became a very important part of the developing fishing industry. This gave the old fishing boats their "
Red Sails In The Sunset ", but the purpose was to protect the canvas from seawater, not to be picturesque. It was boiled in great caldrons, together with
Tar ,
Tallow and
Oak Bark , the last ingredient giving the name of barking yards to the places where the hot mixture was painted on to the sails, which were then hung up to dry.
- Fuller, Carl; ''Natural Colored Iron Oxide Pigments'', pp. 281-6. In: Pigment Handbook, 2nd Edition. Lewis, P. (ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1988.
- Thomas, Anne Wall. ''Colors From the Earth'', New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1980.
