The is an event that happens when a Culture celebrates the end of one Year and the beginning of the next year. Cultures that measure yearly Calendar s all have celebrations.
The most common modern dates of celebration are listed below, ordered and grouped by their appearance relative to the conventional Western calendar.
- In the Eastern Orthodox Church , the civil New Year falls on 14 January ( 1 January in the Julian Calendar ). Many in the countries where Eastern Orthodoxy predominates celebrate both the Gregorian and Julian New Year holidays, with the Gregorian day celebrated as a Civic Holiday , and the Julian date as the " Old New Year ", a Religious Holiday . The Church's own Liturgical Calendar begins on September 1 , thereby proceeding annually from the celebration of Jesus ' birth in the winter ( Christmas ). through his death and resurrection in the spring (Pascha / Easter ), to his Ascension in the summer, and the assumption of his mother ( Dormition Of The Theotokos / Virgin Mary ) in the fall.
- --- Note: Eight of the twelve biggest Eastern Orthodox Churches have adopted the Revised Julian Calendar administratively and the civic and religious holidays match. The orthodox population of Bulgaria , Cyprus , Egypt , Greece , Poland , Romania , Syria and Turkey celebrate the New Year on January 1 . The orthodox churches of Georgia , Jerusalem , Russia and Serbia still use the Julian Calendar .
- The Tibet an New Year is Losar and falls from January through March.
- The Zoroastrian New Year coincides with the Iran ian New Year of Norouz . It is celebrated by the Parsis in India and by Zoroastrians and Persians across the world.
- In the Saka Calendar (Balinese-Javanese Calendar) the celebration of new year falls on 30rd of March in this year. the celebration gather of Nyepi, Balinese Hindu holiday.
- The Telugu New Year generally falls in the months of March or April. The people of Andhra Pradesh , India celebrate the advent of Lunar Year this day. This day is celebrated across entire Andhra Pradesh as UGADI(Meaning the Start of a new Year.).The first month is Chaitra Masam. Masam means month.
- The Nepal i new year is celebrated in spring, on the first day of the lunar month Baisakh . In the English calender, it usually falls between 12 - 15 April.
- The Sinhalese New Year falls In April (the month of Bak) when the sun moves from the Meena Rashiya (House of Pisces) to the Mesha Rashiya (House of Aries) Sri Lankans begin celebrating their National New Year "Aluth Avurudhu" in Sinhala and "Puththandu" in Tamil. However, unlike the usual practice where the new year begins at midnight, the National New Year begins at the time determined by the astrologers. Not only the beginning of the new year but the conclusion of the old year is also specified by the astrologers. And unlike the customary ending and beginning of new year, there is a period of a few hours in between the conclusion of the Old Year and the commencement of the New Year , which is called the "nona gathe" (neutral period). During this time one is expected to keep off from all types of work and engage solely in religious activities.
- Note: When it is said that "''However, unlike the usual practice where the new year begins at midnight, the National New Year begins at the time determined by the astrologers.''", it gives a wrong impression that beginning of the Sinhalese New Year is determined according to some superstitious beliefs. Calculation of the beginning of the Sinhalese New Year is purely mathematical and anybody who is conversant with mathematics and astrology can do it. The moment that the centre of the sun (in fact its projection on the celestial sphere) crosses the line that separates the Pisces (''Meena'') and Aries (''Mesha'') regions is considered as the beginning of the New Year.
According to Astrology, the celestial sphere is divided into 12 equal parts and Aries is conventionally considered as the 1st segment whereas the Pisces is considered to be last. Since it is a sphere, each segment is 30 degrees of size and Aries and Pisces are adjoining. Once the path of the sun, relative to earth, is projected on the celestial sphere, it becomes a circle. This path (or cirlce) crosses through all 12 zodiac regions in the celestial sphere and the moment that the centre of the sun crosses the line that separates the Pisces and Aries is considered as the epoch of Sinhalese Calendar. While it is true that, it is possible to consider the transit of the sun (again the projection of the sun on the celestial sphere) from any one of the zodiac regions to the next one as the epoch (because any zodiac region has two other adjacent zodiac regions), traditionally it is the sun’s transition from Pisces to Aries that is significant.
On the celestial sphere, the sun is not a point but a circle and therefore it has a diameter, which has a certain length. The time taken for this diameter to pass through the line that separates the Pisces and Aries zodiac regions is considered as the ''Nonagatha'' period. The Sun is a circle (on the celestial sphere) and the moment that the sun touches the line that separates the Pisces and Aries (or in other words, the time that the sun starts leaving the Pisces region) is considered as the beginning of ''Nonagatha'' and the time that the sun completely comes into the Aries region is considered as the ending of the ''Nonagatha''. Both at the beginning, as well as, at the ending of the ''Nonagatha'', the line that separates the Aries and Pisces regions becomes a tangent to the sun. (In Sinhalese, ''Agatha'' means arrival and ''N-Agatha'' means Not-Arrived. When it is said ''No-nagatha'', that means Not-Not-arrived. The meaning of this is that the sun has arrived into the Aries region but not fully arrived into it)
And it should also be mentioned that there is nothing auspicious about the time taken as the beginning of the New Year even though it is calculated by the astrologers. While some calendars has an epoch that always falls on midnight, the epoch of the Sinhalese calendar is closely associated with the motion of the sun, relative to the earth. Of course the celebration of the Sinhalese New Year involves a range of auspicious times (such as the time for partaking of the first meal in the New Year, setting out for work, etc.), but the time of the dawn of the New Year is not among them.
- In India, the Tamil New Year and Vishu are celebrated on the same day respectively in the Southern Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala . They generally fall on 13 April or 14 April . The first month of the Tamil New Year is called Chithrai. Every year in the month of Chithrai, in the temple city of Madurai , the Chithrai Thiruvizha is celebrated in the Meenakshi Temple . A huge exhibition is also held, called Chithrai Porutkaatchi. In some parts of Southern Tamil Nadu , it is also called Chithrai Vishu . The day is marked with a feast in Hindu homes and the entrance to the houses are decorated elaborately with Kolam s.
- Rosh Hashanah ( Hebrew for 'head of the year') is a holiday commemorating the culmination of the Six Days Of Creation , and marking God's yearly renewal of His world. The day has elements of festivity and introspection, as God is traditionally believed to be assessing His creation and determining the fate of all men and creatures for the coming year.
- The Marwari New Year is celebrated on the day of the festival of Diwali
- The Gujarati New Year is usually celebrated the day after the festival of Diwali (which occurs in mid-fall - either October or November, depending on the Lunar Calendar ). The Gujarati New Year is synonymous with ''sud ekam'' of the ''Kartik'' month - the first day of the first month of Gujarati Lunar calendar. Most other Hindu s celebrate the New Year in early spring, but the Gujarati farming community celebrates the New Year after Diwali to mark the beginning of a new fiscal year.
- Some Neo-pagan s celebrate Samhain (a festival of the ancient Celts, held around November 1 ) as a new year's day representing the new cycle of the Wheel Of The Year , although they do not use a different calendar that starts on this day.
- The Thelemic new year is usually celebrated with an invocation to Ra-Hoor-Khuit , commemorating the beginning of the New Aeon in 1904. It also marks the start of the twenty two day Thelemic holy season.
The ancient in 153 BC . In 45 BC, Julius Caesar introduced the Julian Calendar , dropping Intercalaris; however, 1 January continued to be the first day of the new year.
In the Middle Ages in Europe a number of significant feast days in the Ecclesiastical Calendar of the Roman Catholic Church came to be used as the Beginning Of The Julian Year :
- In ''Christmas Style'' dating the new year started on 25 December . This was used in Germany and England until the thirteenth century, and in Spain from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century.
- In ''Annunciation Style'' dating the new year started on 25 March , the feast of the Annunciation . This was used in many parts of Europe in the Middle Ages, and was the style introduced by Dionysius Exiguus in AD 525 . Annunciation Style continued to be used in the Kingdom Of Great Britain until January 1 1752 , except Scotland which changed to ''Circumcision Style'' dating on 1 January 1600 . The rest of Great Britain changed to ''Circumcision Style'' on the 1 January preceding the conversion in Great Britain from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar on 3/ 14 September 1752 . The UK tax year still starts on 6 April which is 25 March + 12 days, eleven for the conversion from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar plus a dropped leap day in 1900.
- In ''Easter Style'' dating, the new year started on Easter Saturday (or sometimes on Good Friday ). This was used in France from the eleventh to the sixteenth century. A disadvantage of this system was that because Easter was a Movable Feast the same date could occur twice in a year; the two occurrences were distinguished as "before Easter" and "after Easter".
The ancient Roman new year of 1 March was used in the Republic Of Venice until its destruction in 1797, and in Russia from 988 until the end of the fifteenth century. 1 September was used in Russia from the end of the fifteenth century until the adoption of the Christian Era in 1700 (previously, Russia had counted years since the creation of the world).
Since the seventeenth century, the Roman Catholic ecclesiastic year has started on the first day of Advent , the Sunday nearest to St. Andrew's Day ( 30 November ).
Autumnal equinox day (usually 22 September ) is "New Year's Day" in the French Republican Calendar , which was in use from 1793 to 1805. This was ''primidi Vendemière'', the first day of the first month.
The Gregorian New Year (and all other days) first arrives each year on Kiritimati (Christmas Island), the eastern-most island in the island nation of Kiribati in the central Pacific Ocean .
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