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It concerns basically all moving or remote-controlled.

''Franz and Mallot'' proposed a navigation hierarchy ( ''Robotics and Autonomous Systems 30 (2000), 133-153'' ):
Behavioural prerequisite
Navigation competence

Local navigation

Search
Goal recognition
Finding the goal without active goal orientation

Direction-following
Align course with local direction
Finding the goal from one direction

Aiming
Keep goal in front
Finding a salient goal from a catchment area

Guidance
Attain spatial relation to the surrounding objects
Finding a goal defined by its relation to the surroundings

Way-finding

Recognition-triggered response
Association sensory pattern-action
Following fixed routes

Topological navigation
Route integration, route planning
Flexible concatenation of route segments

Survey navigation
Embedding into a common reference frame
Finding paths over novel terrain


There are two basic methods for navigation:



ROBOTIC NAVIGATION

See Also: robotic mapping


Outdoor robots can use GPS in a similar way to Automotive Navigation System s.
Alternative systems can be used with Floor Plan instead of Map s for Indoor robots, combined with localization wireless hardware.


SEE ALSO