| Mothers Rights |
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United States: In the United States, family leave for 12 weeks is guaranteed for most employees of major companies by the Family And Medical Leave Act Of 1993 but this FMLA leave is unpaid. Flexible working hours are arranged by individuals with no assistance from the government. Childcare can cost more than tuition at a public university [http://www.momsrising.org/childcare]. In some states (notably Pennsylvania) woman can be turned down for a job because she is a mother [http://www.momsrising.org/PA]. There is currently a movement towards improving this situation which is focusing on improving the situation state by state. The United States has poor prenatal care, and poor maternity care. The U.S. has the highest rates of c-sections, epidurals, inductions. In addition, the U.S. has high numbers of formula-fed infants (and thus lower numbers of breastfed children). The combination of these statistics have unfortunately resulted in high infant and maternal mortality rates. The United States is currently rated below 35 other countries in the world in terms of Infant Mortality . The U.S. has a higher infant mortality rate than the Czech Republic , Slovenia , Portugal , Cuba , Taiwan , Aruba , and many others, including most of Europe . Many organizations, including the World Health Organization (WHO), The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), and United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), are looking to improve mothers rights and lower maternal (and infant) mortality around the world. The World Bank loans money to women around the world, including many mothers, to help them start their own businesses. The National Partnership for Women & Families and other organizations have advocated for longer maternity leave and fairness in the workplace for mothers. The United States is far behind most of Europe and other nations in granting paid maternity leave. Most countries guarantee paid leave with many offering more than 3 months paid leave, the U.S. doesn't guarantee a single day of paid leave. The WHO and UNICEF produced the International Code Of Marketing Of Breast-milk Substitutes (Marketing Code), the Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative, and the Innocenti Declaration (of 1990). These three actions are the international standards that many countries (over 65% of the 192 WHO member states) have enacted into their national laws. There are only nine countries in the WHO that have not taken action on the The year 2007 marks the 30th anniversary of the Nestlé Boycott and the 20th anniversary of the Global Safe Motherhood Conference. In October 2007, the third decennial (occurring every ten years) conference will be held, entitled "Women Deliver." Organizations:
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