| Models Of Abnormality |
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THE BIOLOGICAL (MEDICAL) MODEL The Biological Model of , drugs and surgery at times can have very good results in restoring "normality" as Biology has been shown to play some sort of role in psychological illness. However they can also have concequences, whether biology has responsibility or not, as drugs always have a chance of causing Allergic Reactions or Addiction . Electrotherapy can also have negative impacts, usually by causing unnecessary stress and surgery can dull the personality, as the area of the brain responsible for Emotion ( Hypothalmus ) is often altered or even completely removed. THE BEHAVIOURAL MODEL The Behavioural Model is based on the belief that outside behaviour and reactions are mainly responsible for psychological illness, and that in order to treat the illness, Dysfunctional behaviour/reactions need to be changed. Psychiatrists practising the beliefs of this model would be prioritise changing the behaviour over identifying the cause of the dysfunctional behaviour. The main solution to psychological illness under this model is Aversion Therapy , where the Stimulus that provokes the dysfunctional behaviour is coupled with a second stimulus, with aims to produce a new reaction to the first stimulus based on the experiences of the second. Also Systematic Desensitization can be used, especially where Phobias are involved by using the phobia that currently causes the dysfunctional behaviour and coupling it with a phobia that produces more a more intense reaction. This is meant to make the first phobia seem less fearsome etc. as it has been put in comparison with the second phobia. This model seems to have been quite successful, where phobias and Compulsive Disorders are concerned, but it doesn't focus on the cause of the illness or problem, and so risks Recurrence of the problem. THE COGNITIVE MODEL The Cognitive Model is quite similar to the Behavioural Model but with the main difference that, instead of teaching the patient to behave differently it teaches the patient to think differently. It is hoped that if the patient's feelings and emotions towards something are influenced to change, it will enduce external behavioural change. Though similar in ways to the Behavioural Model, psychiatrists of this model use differing methods for cures. The main one is Rational Emotional Therapy (RET) and is based on the principle that an "activating" emotional event will cause a change in thoughts toward that situation, even if it is an Illogical thought/s. So with this therapy, it is the psychiatrist's job to question and change the irrational thoughts. It is similar to the Behavioural Model where its success is concerned, as it has also proved to be quite successful in the treatment of compulsive disorders and phobias, although it doesn't deal with the cause of the problem directly, it does attempt to change the situation more broadly than the Behavioral Model. THE PSYCHODYNAMIC MODEL The where the patient is free to speak while the psychiatrist notes down and tries to interpret where the trouble areas are. There is little proof of why this model works, but it can be successful, especially where the patient feels comfortable to speak freely, and about issues that are relevant to a cure. EXTERNAL LINKS
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