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UNDERLYING TECHNOLOGY The mobile browser usually connects via a cellular network, or increasingly via Wireless LAN, using standard HTTP over TCP/IP and displays web pages written in HTML , XHTML Mobile Profile ( WAP 2.0 ), or WML ( WAP 1.3 which was based on HDML ). WML and HDML are stripped-down formats suitable for transmission across limited bandwidth, and wireless data connection called WAP . In Japan, DoCoMo defined the I-mode service based on i-mode HTML, which is an extension of Compact HTML ( C-HTML ), a simple subset of HTML . WAP 2.0 specifies XHTML Mobile Profile plus WAP CSS, subsets of the W3C's standard XHTML and CSS with minor mobile extensions. Newer microbrowsers are full-featured Web browsers capable of HTML , CSS , ECMAScript , and plug-ins such as Adobe Flash Lite , as well as mobile tecnologies such as WML , i-mode HTML, or CHTML ,. PIONEERS The so-called microbrowser technologies such as WAP, NTTDocomo's I-mode platform and Openwave 's HDML platform have fuelled the first wave of interest in wireless data services. A British company, , WMLScript , POP3 and IMAP mail in a single client. Although it was not used, it was possible to combine HTML and WAP in the same pages although this would render the pages invalid for any other device. In addition, Amstrad 's ill-fated e-m@iler and e-m@iler+ products used HitchHiker as their operating systems. Mobile Explorer 2.0 was available on the Benefon Q, Sony CMD-Z5, CMD-J5, CMD-MZ5, CMD-Z7, CMD-J7 and CMD-J70. A freeware (although later shareware) browser for the PalmOS was Palmscape , written in 1998 by Kazuho Oku in Japan, who went on to found Ilinx . Still in limited use as late as 2003. Released in 2001, Mobile Explorer 3.0 added iMode compatibility (cHTML) plus numerous proprietary schemes. By imaginatively combining these proprietary schemes with WAP protocols, MME3.0 implemented OTA database synchronisation, push email, push information clients (not unlike a 'Today Screen') and PIM functionality. The cancelled Sony Ericsson CMD-Z700 was to feature heavy integration with MME3.0. Mobile Explorer development had ceased by mid-2002. Opera Software pioneered with its Small Screen Rendering (SSR) and Medium Screen Rendering (MSR) technology. Opera Browser is able to relayout regular web pages for optimal fit on small screens and medium-sized (PDA) screens. It was also the first widely available mobile browser to support Ajax and the first mobile browser to pass ACID2 test. POPULAR MOBILE BROWSERS Distinct from a mobile browser is a web-based emulator, which uses a "Virtual Handset" to display WAP pages on a computer screen, implemented either in Java or as an HTML trancoder. These browsers include Wapjag, TT, Waptiger and Superwap. The following are some of the more popular mobile browsers. Some mobile browsers are really miniaturized Web browsers, so some mobile browser companies also provide browsers for the PC. Default browsers used by major mobile phone and PDA vendors
User-installable microbrowsers
Mobile HTML Transcoders Mobile transcoders reformat and compress web content for mobile devices and must be used in conjunction with built-in or user-installed microbrowsers. The following are several leading mobile transcoding services.
SEE ALSO EXTERNAL LINKS
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