| Maple Decline |
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| trees | |
| tree diseases | |
| plant pathogens and diseases | |
| physiological plant disorders | |
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In urban areas decline is aggravated by soil compaction or disturbance, soil pollution (caused by discarded cigarettes, pet droppings, careless or malicious use of herbicides, and road salt), air pollution and unfavorable moisture conditions. In rural areas, maple decline is often attributed to Soil Acidification caused by Acid Rain . Soils which have developed from nutrient-poor parent materials such as Sandstone , Quartzite and Granite are most sensitive to acidification. Fertile areas often show maple decline where large numbers of livestock such as Cattle are allowed to roam in woodlots, as herds or flocks of livestock can compact a soil to a degree which is unfavorable to many of the trees. Carelessness with machinery or taps in Sugar Bush es is a frequent cause of decline in sugar maple and Black Maple . Unusual weather conditions can also lead to maple decline. A classic example occurred across southern Quebec in 1981 when an exceptional February thaw destroyed the snow cover. Later, hard frost penetrated the unprotected ground. The soil was still frozen when the growing season began. Widespread dieback was seen over the remainder of the decade. Subsequent experimentation has verified that trees in Quebec are more likely to show stunted growth and dieback where snow cover is prevented from developing over a winter. REFERENCES
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