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Malonic Ester Synthesis






MECHANISM

A strong base is required to deprotonate the center proton. The protons alpha to Carbonyl Group s are easily deprotonated. The malonic ester is especially so by virtue of being adjacent to two carbonyl groups. The carbanion formed can undergo Nucleophilic Substitution on the alkyl halide, to give the alkylated compound. On heating, the di-ester undergoes Thermal Decarboxylation , yielding an acetic acid substituted by the appropriate R group.


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