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Law reviews should not be confused with non-scholarly publications such as the '' New York Law Journal '' or '' The American Lawyer '', which are independent, professional newspapers and news-magazines that cover the daily practice of law (see Legal Periodical ). LAW REVIEWS AS ACADEMIC JOURNALS The primary function of a law review is to provide a vehicle for academic publishing in the field of law. The vast majority of law review articles are written by law professors, although it is not uncommon to find articles written by judges and legal practitioners as well. Many law reviews also publish articles written by law students, normally called "notes" and "comments."The traditional distinction between "notes" and "comments" is that a comment (sometimes called a "case comment") is an analysis of the holding in a specific court case, while a note is focused on either legislation or on a more general legal theory or principle. Law review articles serve an important purpose in that they express the ideas of legal experts with regard to the direction the law should take in certain areas. Such writings have proven influential in the development of the law, and have frequently been cited as persuasive authority by the . 19 March 2007 . Almost every American law school publishes at least one law review, but most law schools have several. Generally, one law review at each school, sometimes referred to as the law school's "main" or " Flagship journal", publishes articles dealing with all areas of law. This journal is normally named after the law school (''e.g.'', the '' Stanford Law Review '', or the '' Wisconsin Law Review ''). Other journals publish only articles that focus on a specific area of law, such as International Law , Environmental Law , or Human Rights (''e.g.'', the '' Duke Journal Of Gender Law & Policy '', the '' Cornell International Law Journal '' or the '' North Carolina Journal Of Law And Technology ''). These are often referred to as "specialty law journals" or "satellite journals." There are also a small number of journals focusing on statutory, regulatory, and public policy issues (''e.g.'', the '' Journal Of Legislation '' or the ''NYU Journal of Legislation & Public Policy''). The '' followed suit and began coordinating its own practitioner journals with law schools, courting student editorial bodies for publications including '' Administrative Law Review '', '' The International Lawyer '', '' Public Contract Law Journal '', and '' The Urban Lawyer ''.But the '' Administrative Law Review '' and '' The International Lawyer '' continue to maintain some of the highest circulation rates in the legal community despite the transition to student editors. Despite Griswold's confidence in student editors, criticism of this practice continues. In 2004, Judge Richard Posner wrote a scathing attack entitled '' Against the Law Reviews '' in the magazine ''Legal Affairs''. In Canada , the leading law reviews are the University of Toronto Law Journal , the McGill Law Journal/Revue de droit de McGill , and the Osgoode Hall Law Journal . These publications are among the most-cited law reviews by the Supreme Court of Canada, which also cites frequently from leading American law review articles. Membership requires demanding time commitments, and many editors move on to top clerkships or eventually join the legal professoriate in Canada. In Australia, the leading student-edited peer-reviewed academic law reviews are the Melbourne University Law Review and Sydney Law Review, although the Melbourne University Law Review regularly outperforms Sydney Law Review on impact, citation in journal and cases and combined rankings. These publications are among the most-cited law reviews by the High Court of Australia and among the most cited non-US reviews by US journals. [http://lawlib.wlu.edu/LJ/index.aspx The top international law journal in Australia is the Melbourne Journal of International Law, also a student-edited peer-reviewed academic law review. The Melbourne Journal of International Law is also considered to be more influential and prestigious than most generalist law reviews in Australia. [http://lawlib.wlu.edu/LJ/index.aspx Online legal research providers such as Westlaw and LexisNexis give users access to the complete text of most law reviews published beginning from the late 1980s. Another such service, Heinonline , provides actual scans of the pages of law reviews going back to the 1850s . On 17 March 1995 , the '' Web Journal Of Current Legal Issues '', became the first law review available exclusively on the Internet. LAW REVIEW AS AN ACTIVITY Membership on the law review staff is highly sought after by law students, as it often has a significant impact on their subsequent careers as attorneys. Many Federal Judges and partners at the most prestigious Law Firms were members or editors of their school's law review. There are a number of reasons why law review membership is desired--many see the intense writing, research and editing experience as invaluable to the student's development as an attorney; others see the selection process as helping differentiate the best and the brightest from an already strong group of law students. At schools with more than one law review, membership on the main or flagship journal is normally considered more prestigious than membership on a specialty law journal. In any case, membership on any such journal is a valuable credential when searching out employment after law school. The paths to membership vary from law school to law school, and also from journal to journal, but generally contain a few of the same basic elements. Most law reviews select members after their first year of studies either through a writing competition (often referred to as "writing on" to the law review), their first-year grades (referred to as "grading on" to the law review) or some combination thereof. A number of schools will also grant membership to students who independently submit a publishable article. The write-on competition usually requires applicants to compose a written analysis of a specific legal topic, often a recent Supreme Court decision. The written submissions are often of a set length, and applicants are sometimes provided with some or all of the background research. Submissions normally are graded blindly, with submissions identified only by a number which the graders will not be able to connect to a particular applicant. A student who has been selected for law review membership is said to have "made the law review." Secondary journals vary widely in their membership process. For example, at Yale Law School , the only one of its nine journals that has a competitive membership process is the flagship ''Yale Law Journal''—all others are open to any Yale Law student who wishes to join. By contrast, other secondary journals may have their own separate membership competition, or may hold a joint competition with the main law review (with the primary journal obviously getting first choice). A law review's membership is normally divided into staff members and editors. On most law reviews, all 2Ls (second-year students) are staff members while some or all 3Ls (third-year students) serve as editors. 3Ls also typically fill the senior editorial staff positions, including senior articles editor, senior note & comment editor, senior managing editor, and, the most prestigious of all, editor-in-chief of the law review. Upon graduation, the editor-in-chief of the law review can expect to be highly recruited by the most prestigious law firms. As members, students are normally expected to write a note or comment of publishable quality (although it need not actually be published), and to edit and Cite-check the articles that are being published by the law review, ensuring that references support what the author claims they support and that footnotes are in proper '' Bluebook '' or ALWD format, depending on the publication's preference. The editorial staff is normally responsible for reviewing and selecting articles for publication, managing the editing process, and assisting members in writing their notes and comments. Depending on the law school, students may receive academic credit for their work on the law review, although some journals are entirely extracurricular. NOTES EXTERNAL LINKS
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