Information AboutIrrationality |
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Irrationality is talking or acting without regard of Rationality . Usually pejorative, the term is used to describe thinking and actions which are, or appear to be, less useful or logical than the rational alternatives. There is a clear tendency to view our own thoughts, words, and actions as rational and to see Those Who Disagree as irrational. Types of behavior which are often described as irrational include:
These more contemporary 'normative' conceptions of what constitutes a manifestation of irrationality prove difficult to empirically demonstrate because it is not clear by whose standards we are to judge rational or irrational behaviour. : Roman Augur s were priests who used Omen s to predict the future. Many Roman writers explain history in terms of these auguries, but modern historians consider belief in auguries to be irrational.]] WHY DOES IRRATIONAL BEHAVIOR OCCUR? The study of irrational behavior is of interest in fields such as Psychology , Cognitive Science , Economics , Game Theory , and Evolutionary Psychology , as well as of practical interest to the practitioners of Advertising and Propaganda . Theories of irrational behavior include:
Factors which affect rational behavior include:
IRRATIONALIST ''Irrationalist'' is a wide term. It may be applied to mean ''one without Rationality '', for their beliefs or ideas. Or, more precisely, it may mean someone who rejects some aspect of Rationalism , variously defined. For example Religious Faith may be seen as, in part, a rejection of complete rationalism about the world; this would be contested by some religious thinkers, in that the ''rational'' is a debatable term. On the other hand, it might be considered irrationalist to buy a Lottery Ticket , on the basis that the Expected Value is negative. Irrational thought was seen in Europe as part of the reaction against Continental Rationalism . For example Hamann is sometimes classified as an irrationalist. IRRATIONALITY AND LITERATURE Irrational behaviour has always been a notable target to satirical writers and philosophers. SEE ALSO
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