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HISTORY A definition of an input device was already included within the Von Neumann Architecture in 1945 , however conception of an architecture including similar devices designed for input only appear since 1936 . The von Neumann architecture describes a device designed for inserting user data, which are separated from the algorithm data and code. These devices included a Keyboard or a Punched Card . Mice were invented by Doug Engelbart in the 1960s. CLASSIFICATION Many input devices can be classified according to
Pointing devices, which are input devices used to specify a position in space, can further be classified according to
Note that direct input is almost necessarily absolute, but indirect input may be either absolute or relative. For example, digitizing Graphics Tablet s that do not have an embedded screen involve indirect input, and sense absolute positions and are often run in an absolute input mode, but they may also be setup to simulate a relative input mode where the stylus or puck can be lifted and repositioned. EARLY DEVICES KEYBOARDS See Also: Computer keyboard Examples of types of keyboards include Issues and techniques related to keyboards include
POINTING DEVICES ]] and a Pointing Stick on an IBM Laptop]] A pointing device is any Computer Hardware component (specifically Human Interface Device ) that allows a user to input spatial (ie, continuous and multi-dimensional) data to a Computer . CAD systems and Graphical User Interface s (GUI) allow the user to control and provide data to the computer using physical Gestures - point, click, and drag - typically by moving a hand-held Mouse across the surface of the physical desktop and activating switches on the mouse. Movements of the pointing device are echoed on the screen by movements of the mouse pointer (or Cursor ) and other visual changes. While the most common pointing device by far is the Mouse , many more devices have been developed. However, mouse is commonly used as a metaphor for devices that move the cursor. For most pointing devices, Fitts' Law can be used to predict the speed with which users can point at a given target location. Examples of common pointing devices include
HIGH-DEGREE OF FREEDOM INPUT DEVICES Some devices allow many continuous degrees of freedom to be input, and could sometimes be used as pointing devices, but could also be used in other ways that don't conceptually involve pointing at a location in space.
COMPOSITE DEVICES with attached strap]] Input devices, such as buttons and joysticks, can be combined on a single physical device that could be thought of as a composite device. Many Gaming devices have controllers like this.
IMAGING AND VIDEO INPUT DEVICES
AUDIO INPUT DEVICES Note that MIDI allows musical instruments to be used as input devices as well. FURTHER READING
SEE ALSO
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