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Whereas in Information Transmission Electronic Filter s are used against Syntax -disrupting noise on the bit-level, the methods employed in information filtering act on the semantic level.

The range of machine methods employed builds on the same principles as those for Information Extraction . A notable application can be found in the field of email Spam Filter s. Thus, it is not only the Information Explosion that necessitates some form of filters, but also inadvertently or maliciously introduced Pseudo -information.

On the presentation level, information filtering takes the form of User-preferences -based Newsfeed s, etc..

Recommender systems are active information filtering systems that attempt to present to the user information items ( Movies , Music , Book s, News , Web Page s) the user is interested in. These systems add information items to the information flowing towards the user, as opposed to removing information items from the information flow towards the user. Recommender systems typically use collaborative filtering approaches or a combination of the collaborative filtering and content-based filtering approaches, although content-based recommender systems do exist.


REFERENCES

Hanani, U., Shapira, B., Shoval, P. (2001) Information filtering: Overview of issues, research and
systems. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction, 11, pp. 203-259.


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