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In 1958 Cage gave a lecture in Brussels called "Indeterminacy: New Aspect of Form in Instrumental and Electronic Music" (given again in 1959 at Teacher's College, Columbia). The lecture consisted of a number of short stories read by Cage in exactly one minute; because of this time limit the speed of Cage's delivery varied enormously. The second performance and a subsequent recordingIndeterminacy: New Aspect of Form in Instrumental and Electronic Music. Ninety Stories by John Cage, with Music. John Cage, reading; David Tudor, music. Folkways FT 3704, 1959. Reissued as Smithsonian/Folkways CD DF 40804/5, 1992. contained music, also by Cage, played by David Tudor at the same time. One strand of indeterminacy in music sees it as an aesthetic endeavour that strives to dissolve any fixed properties of music sound into a fluid process and do away with the traditional control of the composer over the material. In its most radical form, all sounds have equal value: sounds chosen by the composer, by the performer, and all the unforeseen and unpredictable sounds that surround us every day. Indeterminacy in this view is philosophically opposed to Aleatoric Music : there the indeterminate element was kept under careful control by the composer, usually by offering the performers a limited number of possibilities to choose from. REFERENCES Cage, John: "Indeterminacy", in ''Silence'' (1961, Cambridge, Mass.) Childs, Barney: "Indeterminacy", in Vinton (ed.): Dictionary of Twentieth-Century music (London 1971, 1974) Nyman, Michael: Experimental Music. Cage and beyond. London 1971 (repr.1999, Cambridge University Press) Sutherland, Roger: New Perspectives in Music (London, Sun Tavern Fields, 1994) |
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