Information AboutHydroxide |
| CATEGORIES ABOUT HYDROXIDE | |
| hydroxides | |
| bases | |
| oxoanions | |
| water chemistry | |
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In Chemistry , hydroxide is the most common name for the Diatomic Anion OH−, consisting of Oxygen and Hydrogen Atom s, usually derived from the Dissociation of a Base . It is one of the simplest diatomic ions known. Inorganic compounds that contain the Hydroxyl group are referred to as hydroxides. Common hydroxides include:
HYDROXIDE AS A BASE Most compounds containing hydroxide are bases. An Arrhenius Base is a substance that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in Aqueous Solution . One example would be Ammonia , NH3: NH3(g) + H2O(l) NH4+ (aq) + OH−(aq) Thus, hydroxide ions are heavily involved in Acid-base reactions as well as the special double displacement reaction called Neutralization . Salts containing hydroxide are called Base Salts . Base salts will dissociate into a cation and one or more hydroxide ions in water, making the solution basic. Base salts will undergo Neutralisation Reactions with Acids . In general Acid-alkali Reactions can be simplified to :OH− (aq) + H+ (aq) → H2O (l) by omitting Spectator Ion s. SOLUBILITY Most inorganic hydroxide salts are Insoluble in water, except for those with cations from Group I , NH4+ , Ba2+ , Sr2+ , Ca2+ (little) or Tl+ . APPLICATIONS Hydroxides and hydroxide ions are relatively common. Many useful chemicals and chemical processes involve hydroxides or hydroxide ions. Sodium Hydroxide (lye) is used in industry as a strong base, Potassium Hydroxide is used in agriculture, and Iron Hydroxide minerals such as Goethite and Limonite have been used as low grade ''brown'' Iron Ore . The Aluminium ore Bauxite is composed largely of aluminium hydroxides. LIGAND Hydroxide ion is a kind of Ligand . It donates lone pair of electrons, behaving as a Lewis Base . Examples of complexes containing such a ligand include the aluminate ion and aurate ion [Au(OH)4 −. SEE ALSO NOTES |
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