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('''MSW''') is a Waste Type that includes predominantly household waste (domestic waste) with sometimes the addition of Commercial Waste s collected by a Municipality within a given area. They are in either solid or semisolid form and generally exclude industrial Hazardous Waste s. The term ''residual waste'' relates to waste left from household sources containing materials that have not been separated out or sent for reprocessing Mechanical Biological Treatment Welsh Assembly (2005) Mechanical Biological Treatment, Environment Countryside and Planning Website, Welsh Assembly.
There are five broad categories of MSW:
- , Green Waste , Paper (can also be recycled).
- , Bottle s, Can s, Metal s, certain Plastic s, etc.
- , Dirt , Rock s, debris.
- , Tetra Pak s, Waste plastics such as toys.
- Domestic , Paint s, Chemical s, Light Bulb s, Fluorescent Tube s, Spray Can s, Fertilizer and Pesticide containers, Batteries , Shoe Polish .
In industrialized countries, municipal solid waste is often collected from homes by Kerbside Collection using purpose-built Waste Collection Vehicle s; however, many communities require residents, especially in rural areas, to convey their household wastes to collection sites known as Transfer Station s. In a small number of localities, mechanical systems use a proprietary vacuum-based collection device, known as Envac, which conveys refuse via underground conduits. Waste Management is sometimes carried out by a department of the municipality, but it is more typical that this function is carried out by a private company under contract. Waste management commercial and industrial waste is usually the responsibility of the generator.
In the United States the regulatory definition of "solid waste" varies slightly from state to state but does not include Hazardous Waste generated from commercial, industrial or institutional souces. The solid waste disposal industry divides solid waste into four to six major categories for disposal depending on the state in which the waste is disposed:
- or '''Municipal Solid Waste''' (MSW) is typical waste generated from residential and non-industrial commercial sources.
- is waste that is the result of a variety of industrial process. That is a process where a new, physical product is manufactured from a set of input materials. Mining and electric power generation are usually included in the industrial category for the purpose of classifying solid waste.
- is a subset of industrial wastes that many U.S. States regulate separately from miscellaneous industrial waste. Residual wastes are wastes or "residue" that are left over from a specific process. Residual wastes tend to be fairly Homogenous in composition, have a relatively lower environmental impact compared to most industrial solid wastes. Residual wastes often have a mineral composition. One example of a residual waste is Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) waste from electric power generation. Because residual wastes are fairly consistent, many states allow the generators of these wastes to dispose of them in captive Landfills that are designed only for that particular residual waste.
- (C&DD) as the name suggests are waste that are the result of the construction and/or demolition of roads, buildings or other physical structures. Traditionally these wastes were allowed to be disposed in their own class of landfills because it was believed that they did not pose a serious threat to the environment. Construction and demolition debris landfills were constructed to less stringent standards than general solid waste landfills. However, abuses of the system and new data showing adverse environmental impacts from C&DD landfills, have led to increasing regulations on the disposal of C&DD. {Link without Title} Ohio EPA Takes New Approach to Regulating Waste Disposal
- may include things like hospital waste, animal carcassas, or any other waste with the potential to spread infectious diseases.
- '''. Since the airborn threat is contained once asbestos is buried, many states allow asbestos to be disposed in landfills with general solid waste, provided the waste is handled with extra safety procedures.
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