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Hatred is an , or antipathy for a person or thing, generally attributed to a desire to avoid, restrict, remove, or destroy the hated object. Hate can be based on Fear of an object or past or present negative consequences of dealing with the hated thing. People may feel conflicting and complicated emotions or thoughts involving hate, as in a Love-hate Relationship . Hate of someone or something is usually brought on by an extensive period of aggravation from the hating subject. This said, hate can just as easily be a case of "hate at first sight", just as in the term " Love At First Sight " although the analogous English term is an "instant dislike" (hatred (of persons) is not considered polite in the English speaking countries).

Often the verb "to hate" is used casually as an exaggeration to describe things one merely dislikes, such as a particular style of Architecture , a certain Climate , one's job, or some particular kind of Food .

"Hatred" is also used to describe feelings of Prejudice , Bigotry or Condemnation (see Shunning ) against a class of people and members of that class. Racism is the most well-known example of this. The term Hate Crime is used to designate crimes committed out of hatred in this sense.

According to evolutionary psychologists, hate is a reaction to people whose interests consistently conflict with one's own. People whose behavior threatens one's own survival interests are to be hated, while people whose behavior enhances one's survival prospects are to be liked or even loved (as in the case of offspring and other genetic kin).

The passions of hate arise from several features of our thinking process. These include a desire to strengthen our community and to alleviate our Fear . The ability to quickly separate friend from foe is essential to self-defense and safety and provides the origins of hate.[http://www.EmotionalCompetency.com/hate.htm Emotional Competency] Discussion of Hate

However, hatred in modern life is frequently unrelated to survival or self-defense. People are capable of hating others for any particular reason, people with different political and religious views, different lifestyles, and fans of opposing sports teams, to name but a few.

Also, the feelings of hate can arise unexpectedly. If one has experienced maltreatment in the past, it is proven that one is more likely to maltreat and learn to dislike or "hate" people before they get to know the person. This is shown clearly in the pattern of people who are abused, ignored, neglected, or maltreated by their parents, and those children's tendency to become abusive or angry.

In English, the subject of hatred of a thing is generally given the name mis-<> or anti-<>, e.g.: Misanthropy , Misogyny , Antisemitism .


NOTES



REFERENCES

  • ''The Psychology of Hate'' by Robert Sternberg (Ed.)

  • ''Hatred: The Psychological Descent into Violence'' by Willard Gaylin

  • ''Why We Hate'' by Jack Levin

  • ''The Psychology of Good and Evil : Why Children, Adults, and Groups Help and Harm Others'' by Ervin Staub

  • ''Prisoners of Hate : The Cognitive Basis of Anger, Hostility, and Violence'' by Aaron T. Beck

  • ''Becoming Evil : How Ordinary People Commit Genocide and Mass Killing'' by James Waller



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