Information AboutGlycolysis |
| CATEGORIES ABOUT GLYCOLYSIS | |
| cellular respiration | |
| metabolic pathways | |
| carbohydratescellular respiration | |
| metabolic pathways | |
| carbohydrates | |
| metabolic pathways | |
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Glycolysis is a Metabolic Pathway by which a 6- Carbon Glucose (Glc) Molecule is Oxidized to two molecules of Pyruvic Acid (Pyr) . The word glycolysis is derived from Greek ''γλυκύς'' (sweet) and ''λύσις'' (rupture). It is the initial process of most Carbohydrate Catabolism , and it serves three principal functions:
As the foundation of both Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration , glycolysis is the archetype of universal Metabolic processes known and occurring (with variations) in many types of Cell s in nearly all organisms. Glycolysis, through anaerobic respiration, is the main energy source in many Prokaryotes , Eukaryotic cells devoid of Mitochondria (e.g. mature Erythrocytes ) and eukaryotic cells under low Oxygen conditions (e.g. heavily exercising muscle or fermenting Yeast ). In Eukaryote s and Prokaryotes , glycolysis takes place within the Cytosol of the cell. In plant cells some of the glycolytic reactions are also found in the Calvin-Benson Cycle which functions inside the Chloroplast s. The wide conservation includes the most phylogenetically deep rooted extant organisms and thus it is considered to be one of the most ancient metabolic pathways.Romano AH, Conway T. (1996) Evolution of carbohydrate metabolic pathways. ''Res Microbiol.'' 147(6-7):448-55 PMID 9084754 The most common and well-known type of glycolysis is the Embden-Meyerhof pathway, initially explained by Gustav Embden and Otto Meyerhof . The term can be taken to include alternative pathways, such as the Entner-Doudoroff Pathway . However, glycolysis will be used here as a synonym for the Embden-Meyerhof pathway. OVERVIEW The overall reaction of glycolysis is:
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