Extreme Physical Information

INTRODUCTION

Physicist John Archibald Wheeler stated that:
''All things physical are information-theoretic in origin and this is a participatory universe... Observer participancy gives rise to information; and information gives rise to physics.'' By using Fisher Information , in particular the loss ''I'' - ''J'' incurred during observation, the EPI principle provides a powerful new approach for deriving laws governing many aspects of nature and human society. EPI can be seen as an extension of Information Theory that encompasses much theoretical Physics and Chemistry . Examples include the Schrödinger Wave Equation and the Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution law. EPI has been used to derive a number of fundamental laws of Physics Frieden, B.R. & Hughes, R.J., ''Spectral 1/f Noise derived from extremized physical information'', ''Phys. Rev. E'' 49, 2644, 1994Frieden, B.R. & Soffer, B.H., ''Lagrangians of physics and the game of Fisher-information transfer'', ''Phys. Rev. E'' '''52,''' 2274, 1995, Biology Frieden, B.R., & Plastino, A. & Soffer, B.H., ''Population genetics from an information perspective'', ''J. Theor. Biol.'' '''208,''' 49-64, 2001, the Biophysics of Cancer growth Frieden, B.R. & Gatenby, R.A. - ''Information dynamics in carcinogenesis and tumor growth'', ''Mutat. Res.'' '''568,''' 259, 2004, Chemistry , and Economics Hawkins, R.J. & Frieden, B.R. & D'Anna, J.L. - ''Ab initio yield curve dynamics'', ''Phys. Lett. A'' '''344,''' 317, 2005. EPI can also be seen as a Game against nature, first proposed by Charles S. Peirce . The approach does require prior knowledge of an appropriate invariance principle or data.

EPI PRINCIPLE

The EPI principle builds on the well known idea that the observation of a "source" phenomenon is never completely accurate. That is, information present in the source is inevitably lost when observing the source. Moreover, the random errors that contaminate the observations are presumed to define the probability distribution function of the source phenomenon. That is, "the physics lies in the fluctuations." The information loss is postulated to be an extreme value. Thus, if the Fisher Information in the data is

\mathcal{I}

, and the Fisher information in the source is

\mathcal{J}

, the EPI principle states that:

:

\mathcal{I}
-
\mathcal{J}
=
\mathrm {Extremum}

The extremum for most situations is a minimum, meaning that there is a comforting tendency for any observation to describe its source faithfully.

REFERENCES

Frieden, B.R - ''Fisher information as the basis for the Schrodinger wave equation'', Am. J. Physics 57, 1004-1008, 1989

Frieden, B.R - ''Fisher information, disorder, and the equilibrium distributions of physics'', Phys. Rev. A 41, 4265-4276, 1990

Frieden, B.R - ''Estimation of distribution laws, and physical laws, by a principle of extremized physical information'', Physica A 198, 262-338, 1993

Frieden, B.R - ''Physics from Fisher Information'', Mathematics Today 37, 115-119, 2001

Frieden, B.R. & Gatenby, R.A. - ''Power laws of complex systems from extreme physical information'', ''Phys. Rev. E'' 72, 036101, 2005

Frieden, B.R. & Soffer, B.H. - ''Information-theoretic significance of the Wigner distribution'', ''Phys. Rev. A'', to be published 2006

BOOKS

Frieden, B. Roy - ''Physics from Fisher Information: A Unification '', 1st Ed. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-63167-X, pp328, 1998

Frieden, B. Roy - ''Science from Fisher Information: A Unification '', 2nd Ed. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-00911-1, pp502, 2004

Frieden, B.R. & Gatenby, R.A. eds. - ''Exploratory Data Analysis Using Fisher Information'', Springer-Verlag (in press), pp358, 2006

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	CATEGORIES ABOUT EXTREME PHYSICAL INFORMATION

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Extreme Physical Information