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Energy policy is the manner a given entity (often governmental) has decided to address issues of Energy Development including Energy Production , Distribution and Consumption . The attributes of energy policy may include Legislation , international treaties, incentives to investment, guidelines for Energy Conservation , Tax ation and other public policy techniques. NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY Measures used to produce an energy policy A national energy policy comprises a set of measures involving that country's laws, treaties and agency directives. The energy policy of a sovereign nation may include one or more of the following measures:
Frequently the dominant issue of energy policy is the risk of supply-demand mismatch (see: ). Some governments state explicit energy policy, but, declared or not, each government practices some type of energy policy. Factors within an energy policy There are a number of elements that are naturally contained in a national energy policy, regardless of which of the above measures was used to arrive at the resultant policy. The chief elements intrinsic to an energy policy are:
STATE, PROVINCE OR MUNICIPAL ENERGY POLICY Even within a state it is proper to talk about energy policies in federal legislation). UNITED STATES See Also: Energy policy of the United States EUROPE European Union See Also: Energy policy of the European Union Although the European Union has legislated, set targets, and negotiated internationally in the area of energy policy for many years, and evolved out of the European Coal And Steel Community , the concept of introducing a mandatory common European Union energy policy was only approved at the meeting of the European Council on October 27 , 2005 in London . Following this the first policy proposals, ''Energy for a Changing World'', were published by the European Commission , on January 10 , 2007 . Russia See Also: Energy policy of Russia Russia , one of the world's Energy Superpower s, is rich in natural energy resources, the world’s leading net energy exporter, and a major supplier to the European Union . The main document defining the Energy Policy Of Russia is the Energy Strategy, which sets out policy for the period up to 2020 . Russia has also signed the Kyoto Protocol . United Kingdom See Also: Energy policy of the United Kingdom The Energy Policy Of The United Kingdom has achieved success in (a) reducing Energy Intensity (but still really high), (b) reducing energy poverty and (c) maintaining energy supply reliability to date. The United Kingdom has an ambitious goal to reduce Carbon Dioxide Emissions for future years, but it is unclear whether the programs in place are sufficient to achieve this objective (the way to be so efficient as France is still hard). Regarding energy self sufficiency, the United Kingdom policy does not address this issue, other than to concede historic Energy Self Sufficiency is currently ceasing to exist (due to the decline of the Nord Sea oil production). With regard to transport, the United Kingdom has a historically good policy record encouraging Public Transport into the cities, but with a hugh defeat in the case of train transport, and with the high speed train, which has the potencial to reduce to near cero the use of the aeroplane into the domestic sector, and with the near Europe); however, the policy does not significantly encourage Hybrid Vehicle use or Ethanol Fuel use, which programs represent the most viable near term means to gain control over rising transport fuel consumption. Regarding Renewable Energy , the United Kingdom has laudable and attainable goals for Wind and Tidal Energy , but it has acted inconsistently to stimulate these sectors. ASIA Thailand See Also: Energy Industry Liberalization and Privatization (Thailand) The Energy Policy Of Thailand is characterized by 1) increasing energy consumption efficiency, 2) increasing domestic energy production, 3) increasing the private sector's role in the energy sector, 4) increasing the role of market mechanisms in setting energy prices. These policies have been consistent since the 1990s, despite various changes in governments. The pace and form of industry liberalization and privatization has been highly controversial. India See Also: Energy policy of India The energy policy of India is characterized by tradeoffs between four major drivers:
In recent years, these challenges have led to a major set of continuing reforms, restructuring and a focus on Energy Conservation . See Also: Jatropha incentives in India United States-India Peaceful Atomic Energy Cooperation Act China See Also: Energy policy of China OCEANIA Australia See Also: Energy policy of Australia Australia's energy policy features a combination of Coal power stations, and Hydro Electricity plants. The introduction of Nuclear Power is a current issue before the Australian Government . SEE ALSO
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QUOTES " Communism is the rule of Soviets plus the Electrification of the whole country." Vladimir Ilich Lenin "Our decision about energy will test the character of the American People and the ability of the President and the Congress to Govern this Nation. This difficult effort will be the “ Moral Equivalent Of War ,” except that we will be uniting our efforts to build and not to destroy". President Of The United States Jimmy Carter , address to the nation on the energy problem, April 18 , 1977 . "What we have now is a Global Economy that needs oil to grow. What we need are options to achieve that growth while, at the same time lessening, our dependence on fossil fuels and increasing our use of cleaner, more secure sources of energy. In short, we need to diversify. Doing so will not be cheap and will not be easy. But it is, most certainly, necessary. In fact, everything depends on it. So let’s get to it." U.S. Department Of Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman, speech at Harvard Business School Global Leadership Forum, June 22 , 2006 . |
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