| Climate Of Mars |
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Martian climatatic conditions have been reasonably well studied. Data has been gathered by Earth-based instruments since as early as the 17th century but it is only since the Exploration Of Mars began in the mid-1960s that close-range observation has been possible. Flyby and orbital spacecraft have provided data from above, while direct measurements of atmospheric conditions have been provided by a number of landers and rovers. The first martian flyby mission was Mariner 4 which arrived in 1965. That quick two day pass (July 14-15, 1965) was limited and crude in terms of its contribution to the state of knowledge of martian climate. Later Mariner missions ( Mariner 6 , Mariner 7 , and Mariner 9 ) filled in some of the gaps in basic climate information. Data based climate studies started in earnest with the Viking Program in 1975 and continuing with such probes as the highly successful Mars Global Surveyor . |
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