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Bruises from a ladder fall
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D003288
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A , also called a '''contusion''' or '''ecchymosis''', is a kind of
Injury to
Biological Tissue in which the
Capillaries are damaged, allowing
Blood to seep into the surrounding tissue. It is usually caused by blunt impact. Bruises often induce
Pain but are not normally dangerous. Sometimes bruises can be serious, leading to other more life threatening forms of
Hematoma , or can be associated with serious injuries, including
Fracture s and
Internal Bleeding . Minor bruises are easily recognized by their characteristic
Blue or
Purple color in the days following the injury.
s]]
The extent of bruising depends on many factors. The state of the tissue (
Contracted versus relaxed
Muscle s, for example) can make a large difference, as can the effect of being crushed against underlying
Bone . People also vary in the sturdiness of their capillaries — some people bruise more easily than others.
When struck, the victim normally feels some pain, although it may not be sharp and may even go unnoticed. The flesh quickly becomes red, tender, and swollen (this, like other effects, varies with the intensity of the bruising). Repeated impacts aggravate the bruising. Over the course of a day, blood seeps into the surrounding tissue while the capillaries are being repaired. The bruise gradually darkens. Over the course of a week or two, the bruise darkens to a livid red, then fades to purple, black, or blue, eventually fading to yellow and disappearing as healing progresses. Normal, light bruises heal completely in a week or two
Babycenter.com ; more severe or deeper bruises may take longer. The striking colors of a bruise are due to
Hemoglobin and its breakdown products,
Bilirubin and
Biliverdin .
The treatment for light bruises is minimal. If swelling is severe, it might be reduced by applying
Ice or by elevating the affected area. Rest and avoiding re-injury is essential to quick recovery; gentle massage of the area may relieve pain and encourage blood flow, though this should not occur if the massage is painful.
1
Bruising a
Tendon can feel very painful and make it difficult to use the muscles surrounding the
Joint .
If bruising is severe, complications may arise. Excess fluid may accumulate, forming a hard lump called a , and impacts to the
Head can be very dangerous. Bones may be
Broken by similar impacts, and joints can be
Sprain ed or otherwise damaged as well. The symptoms of these injuries may appear to be those of simple bruising; if there is any possibility of one of these more severe injuries (difficulty moving an injured limb, severe abdominal bruising or a feeling of liquid under the skin) ''see a doctor immediately''.
Treatments for severe bruising can include and Elevation, as well as
Painkiller s (particularly
NSAID s). Massaging severe bruises will worsen the injury. Later in recovery, some light stretching exercises may be appropriate, but it is probably best to consult a
Doctor or
Physiotherapist about longer-term recovery. If a severely bruised muscle is used too early in the recovery process,
Bone tissue may be formed inside the muscle, leading to lasting stiffness and pain. Severe bruises can be expected to take longer to heal.
The presence of bruises may be seen in patients with
Platelet or
Coagulation disorders. Unexplained bruising may be a warning sign of
Child Abuse or serious medical problems, such as
Leukemia and
Meningoccocal infection. Unexplained bruising could indicate internal bleeding or certain types of cancer. A deficiency in
Vitamin C can also make a person more susceptible to bruises from impacts.
The word "bruise" is also used for
Fruit — a fruit is considered bruised when an impact breaks its internal water-containing structures, leading to a soft spot.
More generally, "bruise" is used might be "bruised" if one's
Painting was not included in a
Gallery showing, for example. The implication is that the injury is painful and sensitive but minor and will recover on its own.
