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  ImageFile1 Benzoic-acid-3D-vdWpng
  IUPACName Benzoic acid,<br />benzene carboxylic acid
  OtherNames Carboxybenzene,<br/> E210 , dracylic acid
  Section1 {{Chembox Identifiers
  CASNo 65-85-0
  PubChem 243
  SMILES c1ccccc1C(=O)O
  InChI 1/C7H6O2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/<br/>h1-5H,(H,8,9)/f/h8H
  RTECS DG0875000
  MeSHName benzoic Acid
  ChEBI 30746
  KEGG C00180
  3DMet B00053
  Beilstein 636131
  Gmelin 2946


  Section2 {{Chembox Properties
  Formula C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>COOH
  MolarMass 12212 g/mol
  Appearance Colourless crystalline solid
  Density 132 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid
  MeltingPt 1224 °C (395 K)
  BoilingPt 249 &nbsp°C (522 K)
  Solubility Soluble (hot water)<br/>34 g/l (25&nbsp°C)
  SolubleOther Soluble
  Solvent methanol, diethylether
  PKa 421


  Section3 {{Chembox Structure
  CrystalStruct Monoclinic
  MolShape Planar


  Section4 {{Chembox Thermochemistry


  Section5 {{Chembox Pharmacology


  Section6 {{Chembox Explosive


  Section7 {{Chembox Hazards
  ExternalMSDS ScienceLabcom
  MainHazards Irritating
  NFPA-H 2
  NFPA-F 1
  NFPA-R 0
  NFPA-O &nbsp
  RPhrases ,
  FlashPt 121 °C (394 K)


  Section8 {{Chembox Related
  OtherFunctn Phenylacetic Acid ,<br/> Hippuric Acid ,<br/> Salicylic Acid
  Function carboxylic acid




Benzoic acid, C7H6O2 (or C6H5COOH), is a colorless crystalline solid and the simplest Aromatic Carboxylic Acid . The name derived from Gum Benzoin , which was for a long time the only source for benzoic acid. This weak acid and its salts are used as a food preservative. Benzoic acid is an important precursor for the synthesis of many other organic substances.


HISTORY

Benzoic acid was discovered in the 16th century. The Dry Distillation of Gum Benzoin was first described by Nostradamus ( 1556 ), and subsequently by Alexius Pedemontanus ( 1560 ) and Blaise De Vigenère ( 1596 ).1