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under it]] A bed is a piece of furniture or location primarily used as a place to Sleep , but can serve other functions, such as providing a place for Sexual Intercourse or for Relaxation . Beds come in a wide array of shapes and sizes. Early beds were little more than piles of Straw or some other natural materials. An important change was raising them off the ground, to avoid drafts, dirt, and pests. To make beds more comfortable, the top layer is frequently a Mattress . Originally these were bags of straw for most people and filled with Feather s for the Wealth y. Eventually new fillings such as Cotton and artificial fillers became common. In modern times most mattresses use Spring s, solid Foam , latex, water, or air. The second layer is the '' Box Spring ''. The box spring or "divan" is a large mattress-sized box containing wood and springs that provide additional support and suspension for the mattress. The third layer is the '' Bed Frame ''. The bed frame lifts the mattress/mattress-box spring off the ground. A ''dust ruffle'', ''bed skirt'', or ''valance sheet'' may be used to make the bed frame match the rest of the bedding. At the top of the mattress, to provide greater support for the head, most people use a Pillow . Also used is some form of covering Blanket to provide warmth to the sleeper, often Bed Sheet s, a Quilt , or a Duvet . HISTORY Ancient Rome Ancient Romans had various kinds of beds for repose. These included:
BED SIZES Most countries have a standard set of four sizes of mattresses. While the ''Double'' size appears to be standard among English speaking countries, based on the Imperial Measurement of 4 Ft 6 In by 6 ft 3 in, the sizes for other bed types tend to vary. The European sizes differ; they are based on the Metric System . A king-sized bed differs from the other sizes in implementation, as it is not common to have a king-sized box spring; rather, two smaller box-springs are used under a king-sized mattress. On a U.S. ''Standard'' or ''"Eastern" King'', the boxsprings are identical in size to a ''Twin Extra-Long''. Standard sizes Modern manufacturing conventions have resulted in a limited number of standard sizes of commercial bedding for mattresses and box springs. They vary somewhat by country of origin. The sizes in the UK, other than the ''Double'', vary compared to the U.S. sizes, being generally smaller. The U.S. ''Queen'' corresponds to UK ''King'' and ''King'' to ''Super King''. The European or continental basic sizes are similar to the UK but have a set length of 2 metres. These dimensions are for the mattress—the actual bed frame will be a little bigger in order to fully encompass and support the mattress. The thickness of the mattress may vary considerably. In some places (including China ) and historically, ''Single'' referred to a bed size that was half the width of a ''Double'', that is, approximately the width of one Pillow . In Western nations (usually with larger and/or richer people), such beds have become quite rare, making a ''Twin'' bed the standard for one-person sleeping. Without another common use for the term ''Single'' and with the term ''Double'' being widely used, ''Single'' has come to be another term for a twin bed in these places. The change in terminology has been used (and perhaps promoted) by people involved in retail bed sales to be able to say to customers that a double is "only 15 inches wider than a single bed," which is sometimes a point made to encourage customers to purchase a more expensive queen-sized bed. Note that portable Cot s are generally the size of original single beds Other U.S. sizes ; Twin Extra Long : 39 × 80 In (0.99 × 2.03 M ) : This size is fairly popular in college Dormitories . ; Three Quarter : 48 × 75 in (1.22 × 1.90 m) : This size is considered obsolete by the major manufacturers. ; Super Single : 48 × 84 in (1.22 × 2.13 m) ; Olympic Queen : 66 × 80 in (1.68 × 2.03 m) ; California Queen : 60 × 84 in (1.52 × 2.13 m) ; Eastern King : An alternate name for a U.S. ''King''. ; California King : 72 × 84 in (1.83 × 2.13 m) : A common size on the West Coast Of The United States , also called a ''Western King'', ''West Coast King'', or ''WC King''. ; Long King : 72 x 104 in Other UK sizes ; Small Single : 30 × 75 in (0.76 × 1.91 m) ; Super Single : 41 × 75 in (1.04 × 1.91 m) ; Small Double / Three Quarter : 48 × 75 in (1.22 × 1.91 m) Other European sizes ; Extra Small Single : 0.75 × 2 m (30 × 79 in) ; Small Single : 0.8 × 2 m (31 × 79 in) ; Large Single : 1 × 2 m (39 × 79 in) Other Australian sizes ; King Single : 0.91 × 2.03 m (36 × 80 in) Other New Zealand sizes ; Long Single : 0.90 × 2.03 m (35 × 80 in) ; King Single : 1.05 × 2.03 m (41 × 80 in) ; Long Double : 1.35 × 2.03 m (53 × 80 in) ; King : 1.65 × 2.03 m (65 × 80 in) ; Super King : 1.80 × 2.03 m (71 × 80 in) ; Californian King : 2.00 × 2.03 m (79 × 80 in) LIST OF TYPES OF BED There are many varieties of bed:
BED FRAMES Bed frames, also called bed steads, are made of wood or metal. The frame is made up of head, foot, and side rails. For heavy duty or larger frames (such as for queen- and king-sized beds), the bed frame also includes a center support rail. These rails are assembled to create a box for the mattress or mattress/box spring to sit on. Types of bed frames are:
Though not truly parts of a bed frame, many people include headboards, footboards, and bed rails in their definition of bed frames. Headboards and footboards can be wood or metal. They can be stained, painted, or covered in fabric or leather. Bed rails are made of wood or metal and are attached to a headboard and footboard. Wooden slats are placed perpendicular to the bed rails to support the mattress/mattress box spring. REFERENCES |
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