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and Gugh in Cornwall ]] , Fiji]] A shoal is a somewhat Linear Landform within or extending into a body of Water , typically comprised of Sand , Silt or small Pebble s. Alternatively termed '''sandbar''' or '''sandbank''', a bar is characteristically long and narrow (linear) and develops where a Stream or Ocean Current promote Deposition of Granular Material , resulting in localized shallowing ('''shoaling''') of the water. Bars can appear in the Sea , in a Lake , or in a River . They are typically composed of Sand , although could be of any granular matter that the moving water has access to and is capable of shifting around (for example, Soil , Silt , Gravel , Cobble , Shingle , or even Boulder s). The Grain Size of the material comprising a bar is related to the size of the waves or the strength of the currents moving the material, but the availability of material to be worked by waves and currents is also important. The term bar can apply to Landform features spanning a considerable range in size, from a length of a few meters in a small stream to marine depositions stretching for hundreds of Kilometre s along a Coast line, often called Barrier Island s. In a or Grounding hazard. It therefore applies to a Silt accumulation that shallows the entrance to or the course of a River or Creek . SANDBARS AND LONGSHORE BARS , Long Island, New York , August 2006.]] at Arkansas and Mississippi .]] Bars that occur at or off the shoreline of a sea or a lake are related to Beach es and might be considered offshore features of a beach (Bascom, 1980). At times when larger waves attack the beach Berm , some of the beach material is redistributed offshore to become a longshore bar or '''sandbar''', possibly visible at low Tide . This bar forms (sometimes seaward of a Trough ) where the waves are breaking, because the breaking waves set up a shoreward current with a compensating counter-current along the bottom. Sand carried by the offshore moving bottom current is deposited where the current reaches the wave break (Bascom, 1980). Other longshore bars may lie further offshore, representing the break point of even larger waves, or the break point at low tide. SHOALS AS GEOLOGICAL UNITS In addition to longshore bars discussed above that are relatively small features of a Beach , the term shoal can be applied to larger geological units that form off a coastline as part of the process of coastal erosion. These include Spit s and '''baymouth bars''' that form across the front of embayments and Ria s. A Tombolo is a bar that forms an Isthmus between an Island or offshore rock and a Mainland shore. The largest of the geological units of this kind is a Barrier Island , such as occur along the East Coast Of The United States , along the Gulf coast, along the southern coast of Belize and many other locations worldwide. In places of re-entrance along a Coast line (such as Inlet s, Cove s, rias, and bays), sediments carried by a Longshore Current will fall out where the current dissipates, forming a Spit . An area of water isolated behind a large bar is called a Lagoon . Over time, lagoons may silt up, becoming Salt Marsh es. FEDERAL LAWS
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