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Archery had its debut at the 1900 Summer Olympics and has been contested in 13 Olympiads. Eighty three different nations have appeared in the Olympic archery competitions, with France appearing the most often at 11 times. It is governed by the International Archery Federation . HISTORY The second Olympic games, Paris 1900 , saw the first appearance of Archery . 7 disciplines in varying distances were contested. The next Olympiad, St. Louis 1904 , had 5 archery events but no athletes from outside the United States competed. At the 1908 Summer Olympics , there were 3 archery events. Archery was not featured at the 1912 Summer Olympics but reappeared in the 1920 Summer Olympics . Between 1920 and 1972 , archery was not contested at the Olympic games. The archery competition that was featured at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich consisted of a double FITA Round competition with two events - men's individual and women's individual. This form of the archery competition was held until the 1988 Summer Olympics , when team competition was added and the Grand FITA Round format was used. Starting at the 1992 Summer Olympics , the Olympic Round with head-to-head matches was adopted, and has been used ever since. MEDAL TABLES From 1972 1972 marked the beginning of the modern archery competition at the Olympic Games. The events began to use standardized forms and many nations competed. All years This table includes archery competitions in 1900 , 1904 , 1908 , and 1920 in addition to the ones from 1972 on, which are shown above. These four years preceded the modern, standardized archery competition under the rules of the International Archery Federation and were contested by three nations at most. In one year (1904), only the United States competed. Other nations that competed during that period were France , Belgium , the Netherlands , and Great Britain . QUALIFICATION Qualification spots in archery are allotted to National Olympic Committee s rather than to individual athletes. There were four ways for NOCs to earn berths in Olympic archery. No NOC is allowed to enter more than three archers of each gender. For each gender, the host nation is guaranteed three spots. The most recent World Target Competition 's top 8 teams (besides the host nation) each receive three spots, and the 19 highest ranked archers after the team qualifiers are removed also earn spots for their country. 15 of the remaining 18 spots are divided equally among the five Olympic continents for allocation in continental tournaments. The last three spots in each gender are determined by the Tripartite Commission invitation. Each NOC that receives three places for individual archers (i.e., the host nation, the top 8 teams at the World Target Competition, and any other nation that is able to take 3 of the remaining 37 places) is able to have its three archers compete as a team in the team competition. COMPETITION Modern Olympic archery consists of four medal events: men's individual, women's individual, men's team, and women's team. In all four events, the distance from the archer to the target is 70 metres. Individual In the individual competitions, 64 archers compete. The competition begins with the ranking round. Each archer shoots 72 Arrow s (in six ends, or groups, of 12 arrows). They are then ranked by score to determine their seeding for the single-elimination bracket. After this, final rankings for each archer is determined by the archer's score in the round in which the archer was defeated, with the archers defeated in the first round being ranked 33rd through 64th. The first elimination round pits the first ranked archer against the sixty-fourth, the second against the sixty-third, and so on. In this match as well as the second and third, the archers shoot simultaneously 18 arrows in ends of 3 arrows. The archer with the higher score after 18 arrows moves on to the next round while the loser is eliminated. After three such rounds, there are 8 archers remaining. The remaining three rounds (quarterfinals, semifinals, and medal matches) are referred to as the finals rounds. They consist of each archer firing 12 arrows, again in ends of 3 arrows. The two archers in the match alternate by arrow instead of firing their arrows simultaneously as in the first three rounds. The losers of the quarterfinals are eliminated, while the losers of the semifinals play each other to determine the Bronze Medal and fourth place. The two archers who are undefeated through the semifinals face each other in the gold medal match, in which the winner takes the Gold Medal while the loser receives the Silver Medal . Team Each country that has three archers in the individual competition also gets to compete as a team. The same three archers from the individual competition must compete as the country's team. Their scores in the individual ranking round are added to determine the team's ranking round score. The first team round is the round of 16, but as the number of teams is usually between 9 and 15 the highest ranked teams typically get a bye in the first round. Matches consist of each team firing 27 arrows in 3 ends of 9 arrows, with each archer on the team firing 3 arrows per end. Advancement and medals are determined in the same manner as the individual competition. EVENTS Early Games Early Olympic archery competitions had events that were mostly unique for each Games. Modern Games NATIONS The following nations have taken part in the archery competition. RECORDS The Olympic Record s for archery are for the competition format established in 1992. ;Men's ;Women's SEE ALSO REFERENCE EXTERNAL LINKS |
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