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LICENSORS Because anime is produced mainly by Japanese companies, it has to be licensed in other areas of the world by companies in order to be legally released. Licenses are extremely expensive and it is not uncommon to find that companies are paying at rates of up to $20,000 an episode to license a series for release. Here are some major licensing companies for their respective regions. Region 1 (North America)
Region 2 (Europe) Region 3 (Asia) Region 4 (Australia) Other regions (South America, Africa, etc.) BOOTLEGS, FANSUBS, AND LEGAL ISSUES Bootlegs and Fansubs are technically illegal because they bypass the act of licensing and copyright law. There is a controversy in the fandom over ''fansubs'' (versions with fan-produced on-screen- Translation (hence "fan- Subtitle d")) and Bootleg s (illegal copies). Fansubs are episodes of anime subtitled by fans which are either released for download through BitTorrent or are distributed in video format for no profit, and generally ended when the Anime is internationally licensed. Anime bootlegs are commonly DVDs that are exact rips of fansubs or the Region 1 DVDs and are sold for profit. Bootlegs commonly originate in China and Southeast Asia and feature horrendous "English" subtitles. The fandom is torn over fansubs. Some believe that fansubs are necessary to promote series in other countries and that fansubbing is a "labor of love" by fans. Executives at ADV films stated they desired to bring Azumanga Daioh to the United States because of the amount of hits from fansubs. Others see fansubs as a major problem that is seeping profits away from legitimate companies. Bootlegs are frowned down upon much more, as it is impossible to argue for bootlegging as a "labor of love". Only one company in Japan asked that its fansubbed products cease to be transmitted on BitTorrent networks. NOTES AND REFERENCES |
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