( in eastern India . With Bangladesh , which lies on its eastern border, the state forms the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal . To its northeast lie the states of Assam and Sikkim and the country Bhutan , and to its southwest, the state of Orissa . To the west it borders the state of Jharkhand and Bihar , and to the northwest, Nepal .
The region that is now West Bengal was a part of a number of empires and kingdoms during the past two millennia. The British East India Company cemented their hold on the region following the Battle Of Plassey in 1757, and the city of Kolkata , formerly known as Calcutta , served for many years as the capital of British India . A hotbed of the Indian Independence Movement through the early 20th century, Bengal was Divided In 1947 into two separate entities, West Bengal - a state of India, and East Pakistan (now Bangladesh ) belonging to the new nation of Pakistan .
See Also: History of Bengal
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