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RAIL TRANSPORT

  • ''total:'' 87,157 km

  • ''broad gauge:'' 86,200 km 1.520-m gauge (40,300 km electrified)

  • : ''note:'' an additional 30,000 km of non-common carrier lines serve industries (2003)

  • ''narrow gauge:'' 957 km 1.067-m gauge (on Sakhalin Island)


Russian, CIS and Baltic Railway Map (with place names in Russian, but legend in English).


Rapid-transit systems


Also there is a Metrotram system in Volgograd and three more cities with metro systems under construction:



Rail links with adjacent countries


Voltage of electrification systems not necessarily compatible.



HIGHWAYS


''total:''
948,000 km (including 416,000 km which serve specific industries or farms and are not maintained by governmental highway maintenance departments)

''paved:''
336,000 km

''unpaved:''
612,000 km (including 411,000 km of graveled or some other form of surfacing and 201,000 km of unstabilized earth) ( 1995 est.)


WATERWAYS

total navigable routes in general use 101,000 km; routes with navigation guides serving the Russian River Fleet 95,900 km; routes with night navigational aids 60,400 km; man-made navigable routes 16,900 km (January 1994 est.)


PIPELINES

crude oil 48,000 km; petroleum products 15,000 km; natural gas 140,000 km (June 1993 est.)


PORTS AND HARBORS

Arkhangelsk , Astrakhan , Baltiysk , Kaliningrad , Kazan , Khabarovsk , Kholmsk , Krasnoyarsk , Moscow , Murmansk , Nakhodka , Nevelsk , Novorossiysk , Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky , St. Petersburg , Rostov-on-Don , Sochi , Tuapse , Vladivostok , Volgograd , Vostochny Port , Vyborg .


MERCHANT MARINE


''total:''
695 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,920,923 GRT/4,867,676 DWT

''ships by type:''
barge carrier 1, bulk 19, cargo 379, chemical tanker 4, combination bulk 21, combination ore/oil 3, container 25, multi-functional large load carrier 1, passenger 35, passenger/cargo 3, petroleum tanker 149, refrigerated cargo 26, roll-on/roll-off 22, short-sea passenger 7 ( 1999 est.)


AIRPORTS

2,743 (2002)


Airports with paved runways


''total:''
630

''over 3,047 m:''
54

''2,438 to 3,047 m:''
202

''1,524 to 2,437 m:''
108

''914 to 1,523 m:''
115

''under 914 m:''
151 (1994 est.)


Airports with unpaved runways


''total:''
1,887

''over 3,047 m:''
25

''2,438 to 3,047 m:''
45

''1,524 to 2,437 m:''
134

''914 to 1,523 m:''
291

''under 914 m:''
1,392 (1994 est.)