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The Transcaucasus Front describes two distinct organizations during the war. The first version was created on August 23 , 1941 from the Transcaucasus Military District , which was apparently originally formed in 1922. The boundary of the Front extended along the border with Turkey and along the Black Sea coast from Batumi to Tuapse . It was commanded by Lieutenant-General Dmitri T. Kozlov (Козлов Дмитрий Тимофеевич) from August 1941 to December 1941. On June 22, 1941, when the German invasion started, the TCMD included the 3rd, 24th, and 40th Rifle Corps, the 28th Mechanised Corps, two cavalry divisions (the 17th Mountain and the 24th) and three separate rifle divisions (the 63rd, 76th , and 77th.Orbat.com/Niehorster, Administrative Order of Battle, Transcaucasus Military District, 22 June 1941 Also part of the District were three fortified regions and District troops, which included artillery and NKVD frontier units. The initial Front organization incorporated the four and the 44th and 47th on the border with Iran . On August 25 , 1941 troops from the Front Entered Iran according to the Soviet-Iran Treaty of February 21 , 1921 , which eliminated the direct threat to the Baku Oil Field s. Order of Battle, Invasion of Iran, 1941 Here is the Soviet OOB for the 25th of August 1941:http://www.1jma.dk/post.asp?method=ReplyQuote&REPLY_ID=36299&TOPIC_ID=1956&FORUM_ID=10 44th Army( Major General A.A. Khaldejev)
47th Army(Major General V.V. Novikov)
53rd Army (invaded Iran from Turkmenistan on the 27th of August)
The Transcaucasus Front was briefly renamed the Caucasus Front on December 30 , 1941 . The second version of this front was again created from the Transcaucasus Military District on May 15 , 1942 and continued in existence until its reorganization as the Tbilisi Military District on August 25 , 1945 after the end of the war. It was commanded by General Ivan V. Tyulenev , and included the Soviet Fourth Army . POSTWAR TRANSCAUCASUS MILITARY DISTRICT After World War II the Transcaucasus Front reverted to being a part of the Headquarters Transcaucasus Military District (ZakVO), in Tbilisi . In 1979 Scott and Scott reported the District' HQ address as Tbilisi-4, Ulitsa Dzneladze, Dom 46. The District became part of the Southern Direction, headquartered in Baku and including the North Caucasus and Turkestan Military District s, in the late 1970s and early 1980s.William E Odom, The Collapse of the Soviet Military, Yale University Press, 1998, p.29 Colonel General Igor Rodionov commanded the District in 1988 - 89 before being removed after the April 1989 Massacre in Tbilisi. In the late 1980s dispositions within the District were as follows:V.I. Feskov, K.A. Kalashnikov, V.I. Golikov, The Soviet Army in the Years of the Cold War 1945-91, Tomsk University Publishing House, Tomsk, 1994
RUSSIAN TRANSCAUCASUS GROUP OF FORCES Following the fall of the USSR, the District became the Group of Russian Forces in the Transcaucasus (Russian Группа российских войск в Закавказье - ГРВЗ; GRVZ). After many of the divisions listed above had dissolved or become part of the former republics' armed forces, in the mid 1990s the GRVZ's dispositions were:
General Major Aleksander Studenikin, former deputy commander of the Moscow Military District 's 20th Army, commanded the Group in 2004 with General (Major?) Andrei Popov as his deputy.Nino Kopaleishvili, ‘Bomb Injures Russian Military Official’, Tbilisi Messenger, April 8, 2004, p.5 The Russian base at Vaziani was withdrawn in the late 1990s and an agreement over the withdrawal of the 12th and 62nd Bases by 2008-09 was made in 2005. Russia had maintained two Russian military bases in Georgia (the 62nd Base in , October 10 2006 Even after the GRVZ is totally withdrawn, Russian troops will remain in peacekeeping roles in Abkhazia and South Ossetia , de-jure parts of Georgia. There is about 1,600 men on the Abkhazian-Georgian boundary (serving alongside UNOMIG ) and a battalion in South Ossetia. According to the Russian authorities, the Gudauta military base is also now used by the peacekeeping forces, but no international monitoring has ever been allowed there. REFERENCES |
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