(previously known as ''Nordisk Television AB'') is a Swedish media company that owns the largest commercial
Television channel in
Sweden ,
TV4 .
The main owners of the company are
Bonniers ,
Proventus ,
Schibsted , and
MTV Oy . The stock is also traded at the
Stockholm Stock Exchange .
In an interesting move, two Swedish filmmakers sued TV4 over copyright infringement in November 2004 for placing commercials during their film's TV broadcasts. This was unexpected, given that commercial broadcasters around the world normally interrupt their programs to make money. Surprisingly, the filmmakers won. Though the verdict lacks any real effect, contracts today are written with a clause that commercial breaks will take place and both filmmakers claimed it to be a victory for directors in Sweden.
Besides
TV4 , TV4 AB also broadcasts these channels:
- TV4 Plus , launched in March 2003 broadcasting sport, games and entertainment.
- TV4 Film , launched in April 2004 broadcasting uninterrupted movies.
- TV400 , launched in January 2005 broadcasting youth-oriented entertainment, replacing the interactive Med I Teve .
- TV4 Fakta , launched in September 2005, originally planned as a news channel, but eventually becoming a channel only broadcasting documentaries.
- TV4 Sport (66.2% ownership), sports station in conjunction with daily tabloid Expressen.
- TV4 Komedi , launched in November 2006. Focuses on Comedies .
- TV4 Guld , launched in November 2006. This channel airs classic TV Shows .
- TV4 HD , launched in May 2007, High-definition simulcast of TV4.
The company also owns ''TV4 Sverige AB'' that owns all the 16 regional stations and ''TV4 Vision'' that includes TV4 Text-TV and internet services like the websites
Tv4.se and
Blip.se and on-demand service
TV4 Anytime . TV4 is also involved in the selling of merchandising, DVDs, CDs, magazines and books relating to the television programmes.
TV4 was founded in 1984 by Ingemar Leijonborg och Gunnar Bergvall as ''Nordisk Television AB'' ("Nordic Television"). They intended to start a Swedish commercial television channel.
It took several years for Leijonborg and Bergvall to find someone willing to invest in their channel, but it was eventually launched on September 15, 1990 as "TV4", broadcasting from the
Tele-X satellite. A Norwegian sister channel,
TV4 Norway , was also launched, but was sold a few years later.
At the time, it was clear that the government intended to launch a third terrestrial station and that it would be commercially funded. The two main competitors for the new channel were Nordisk Television and
Kinnevik (owners of
TV3 ). Eventually it was Nordisk Television who got the license since Kinnevik agreed to withdraw their application. In exchange, Kinnevik bought 30 percent of Nordisk Television and a company called
Airtime AB was set up to sell advertising in TV3 and TV4, giving Kinnevik control of almost all television advertising in Sweden. TV4 could start broadcasting terrestrially in the spring of 1992. Nordisk Television discontinued the Airtime agreement in 1993, a decision followed by years of discussion between Kinnevik and the other owners of the company.
Nordisk Television started trading on the
Stockholm Stock Exchange in 1994 and changed its legal name to ''TV4 AB''.
With the terrestrial license followed an obligation to give some airtime to different regional companies. This would regularly be owned by TV4 in conjunction with local investors and media companies. With the start of
TV4 Uppland the number of regional stations reached sixteen. Eventually, TV4 AB started buying regional stations and in 2001 they owned all but one,
TV4 Fyrstad , which went bankrupt in 2003. TV4 then merged all regional stations into a single entity, ''TV4 Sverige AB''.
TV4 started broadcasting in the
Digital Terrestrial Television network in 1999. In 2001, they started an experimental interactive channel called
Mediteve using the space on the digital multiplex. In 2003, a general entertainment channel called
TV4 Plus was started. It was followed by
TV4 Film in 2004, and
TV400 and
TV4 Fakta in 2005.
For several years, TV4 wasn't a part of Kinnevik's digital satellite platform
Viasat . However, in April 2005, TV4 Plus, TV4 Film and TV400 were launched on Viasat (the TV4 channel had to wait until 2006 due to contracts with the
Canal Digital platform).
In the digital television franchise round of 2006, TV4 applied for three new digital channels, but none of them were given a license. They did however launch to new channels in November 2006:
TV4 Komedi and
TV4 Guld .
In May 2006, TV4 bought 51 percent of the sports channel ''Sport-Expressen'' from the newspaper
Expressen . The ownership was increased to 66.2 percent in May 2007
TV4 Sport - Sveriges nya sportkanal , press release.
Laws in Sweden state that all television operators must carry the
Analogue version of TV4 (until 2008). As of 2005, TV4 is transmitted
Free-to-air on the digital terrestrial network while TV4 Plus, TV4 Film, TV400 and TV4 Fakta require subscription from
Boxer ,
Canal Digital or
Viasat via satellite, or cable TV from several cable networks, including
Tele2Vision ,
Com Hem and
Canal Digital . TV4 Plus is available in analogue form via most cable TV networks, while the others are mostly digital-only.
''See also:
List Of Swedish Television Channels ''
