Information AboutSochi |
Sochi (, 2007 . HISTORY Zygii lived In The Area in Antiquity . From the 6th to the 15th centuries, the area successively belonged to the Christian kingdoms of Egrisi and Abkhazia who built a dozen churches within the city boundaries. The Christian settlements along the coast were destroyed by the invading Gokturks , Khazars , and other Nomadic Empire s whose control of the region was slight. The northern wall of an 11th-century Byzantinesque Basilica still stands in the district of Loo . From the 15th century onward, the area, known as Ubykhia , was controlled by the Local Mountaineer clans, nominally under the sovereignty of the Ottoman Empire , which was their principal trading partner in the Muslim world. The coastline was ceded to Russia in 1829 as a result of a Russo-Turkish War , but the Russians had no detailed knowledge of the area until Baron Fyodor Tornau secretly investigated the coastal route from Gelendzhik to Gagra and across the mountains to Kabarda in the 1830s. In 1838, the fort of Alexandria, renamed Navaginsky a year later, was founded at the mouth of the Sochi River as part of the Black Sea Coastal Line , a chain of fortifications set up to protect the area from recurring Circassian Incursions . At the outbreak of the Crimean War , the garrison was evacuated from Navaginsky in order to prevent its capture by the Turks, who effected a landing on Cape Adler soon after. The war over, the Bulk Of The Circassians Relocated to the Ottoman Empire, leaving the littoral largely depopulated. As the coast was being resettled by Russians, Armenians, and Greeks, the abandoned fort was rebuilt in 1864 under the name of Dakhovsky, or Dakhovsky Posad (as it became known in 1874). In 1896, the burgeoning settlement was incorporated into the Black Sea Governorate and acquired its present name, which refers to the local river. Sochi was granted municipal rights in 1917. During the Russian Civil War , the littoral saw Sporadic Armed Clashes involving the Red Army , White Movement forces and the Democratic Republic Of Georgia . In 1923 Sochi acquired one of its most distinctive features, a Railway Which Runs from Tuapse to Abkhazia within a mile or two from the coastline. Although this branch of the Northern Caucasus Railway may appear somewhat incongruous in the setting of beaches and sanatoriums, it is still operational and vital to the region's transportation infrastructure. Sochi was established as a fashionable resort area under , 2007 . It was at that time that the coast became dotted with imposing Neoclassical edifices, exemplified by the opulent Rodina and Ordzhonikidze sanatoriums. The centerpiece of an earlier period is Shchusev 's Constructivist Institute of Rheumatology (1927-31). The area was extensively developed until the demise of the Soviet Union. Following Russia's loss of traditionally popular resorts of the Crimea n peninsula (which was summarily detached from the RSFSR by Nikita Khrushchev in 1954), Sochi emerged as the unofficial Summer Capital of the country. During Vladimir Putin 's term in office, the city witnessed a significant increase in investment, although many Russian vacationers still flock to the cheaper resorts of neighbouring Abkhazia or to the Mediterranean coast of Turkey . POPULATION CLIMATE Sochi has a '' 34.4, 507-513.
LAYOUT AND LANDMARKS Sochi almost alone of larger Russian cities has the aspect of a Subtropical resort. Apart from the scenic Caucasus Mountains , pebbly and sand Beach es, the city attracts Vacation-goers with its subtropical vegetation, numerous parks, monuments, and extravagant Stalinist Architecture . About two million people visit Greater Sochi each summer2, when the city is home to the annual film festival " Kinotavr " and a getaway for Russia's elite. A , 2007 . Sochi also has Europe 's most northerly Tea Plantation s. It is served by the Adler-Sochi International Airport . Sochi proper Central City District , or Sochi proper, covers an area of and, as of 2002 Census has a population of 133,935. The highlights include:
Lazarevsky City District 's squadron at Subashi, as depicted in 1839 by Ivan Aivazovsky , an eyewitness to the event.]] Lazarevsky City District lies to the north-west from the city centre and has a population of 63,239 people (2002 Census). It is the largest city district by area, covering some and comprising several Microdistrict s:
Khostinsky City District Khostinsky City District , sprawling to the south-east from the city centre, occupies approximately , with a population of 62,515 (2002 Census). The district is traversed by many rivulets which give their names to the sub-districts of Matsesta ("flame-coloured river"), Kudepsta, and Khosta ("the river of boars"):
Adlersky City District See Also: Adlersky City District ]] Adlersky City District, with an area of and a population of 69,120 people (2002 Census), is the southernmost district of the city, located just north of the border with Abkhazia . Until the establishment of Greater Sochi in 1961, it was administered as a separate town, which had its origin in an ancient Sadz village and a medieval Genoese trading post. Among the natural wonders of the district is the Akhshtyr Gorge with a 160-metre-long cave which contains traces of human habitation about 30,000 years ago. The upland part of the district includes a network of remote mountain villages ( Aul s), the Estonia n colony at Estosadok , and the ski resort of Krasnaya Polyana which will host the snow events (alpine and Nordic) of the 2014 Winter Olympics . It is also possible to visit the largest Trout Farm in Russia (founded in 1964) and a breeding nursery for Great Ape s. SPORTS FACILITIES Sochi is also known for its school spawned the careers of such notable players as Grand Slam champions Maria Sharapova and Yevgeny Kafelnikov (Kafelnikov spent much of his childhood here, while Sharapova relocated to Florida at the age of 7). In late 2005, the Russian Football Union announced that it was planning to establish a year-round training centre for the country's national teams in Sochi. The city's warm climate was cited as one of the main incentives. 2014 WINTER OLYMPICS See Also: 2014 Winter Olympics In June 2006, IOC president Jacques Rogge announced that Sochi had been selected as a finalist city to host the 2014 Winter Olympics . On July 4 , 2007 , Sochi was announced as the host of the 2014 Winter Olympics, defeating Salzburg , Austria and PyeongChang , South Korea .3 This will be , 2007 . Environmental impact "Sadly, the Olympic bid is being used as a way for construction companies simply to get their hands on the most valuable land," , 2007 . "It would be a huge mistake not to take into account what the environmental organizations think", said Putin. "We are going to make sure that builders maintain contact with" environmentalists, who had voiced concerns about the work’s impact on the Sochi National Park , in Western Caucasus . Greenpeace Russia had told the , 2007 . on 12 September 2006 that it wanted to prevent construction work inside a national park, which it said would break Russia's environmental protection laws. Construction work .]] State-controlled , 2007 . The utility would have to build or modernize four thermal power stations and four hydroelectric plants — and replace the Central-Shepsi electricity transmission line, which, the daily said, often failed in bad weather. The new power line would run partly on pylons and partly across the bed of the Black Sea. By 2011, UES would increase the resort’s power supply by 1129 MW — of which 300 MW would be used for Olympic sports facilities “The cost of the work is estimated at 83.6 billion roubles (about US $3.26 billion), of which 49.9 billion roubles (about US $1.94 billion) will go to investments in the electricity grid,” utility head Anatoly Chubais said. He would not say how much of the bill the state would foot. In February 2007, when UES had planned to spend 48.8 billion roubles (about US $1.9 billion) on the Sochi area, the share the state had been ready to pay had been 38 billion roubles (about US $1.48 billion) of that. NOTABLE PEOPLE FROM SOCHI
SISTER CITIES Sochi is twinned with the following cities:
SEE ALSO
REFERENCES EXTERNAL LINKS Olympic-related Other
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