| Simon Arnauld, Marquis De Pomponne |
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| 1699 deaths | |
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Simon Arnauld, sr and then '''marquis''' (1682) '''de Pomponne''' (Paris, November 1618 - Fontainebleau, September 26 1699 ) was a French diplomat and minister. YOUTH OF A "ROBIN" Simon Arnauld was born in Paris in 1618 . He was son of Robert Arnauld D'Andilly , governor of Monsieur and "intendant d'armée" under Richelieu , and of Catherine Le Fevre de la Boderie. Member of the famous Jansenist family Arnauld , he was named Simon Arnauld de Briottes till 1643 , then Simon Arnauld d'Andilly from 1643 to 1660 , and eventually Simon Arnauld de Pomponne, after the estate of Pomponne, which was led to him by his mother, when he got married in 1660 . After having been taught by Martin Barcos , he entered the world of the "précieuses", attending the salon of Mme de Rambouillet, with several members of his family. He wrote a number of poems for the " Guirlande De Julie ", and was a friend of important writers Mme De Sévigné , Mme De La Fayette and the duke of La Rochefoucauld . FIRST JOBS He began his career as an "intendant" of the French garrison in Casal , where he staid from 1642 to 1647 . Then, supported by Mazarin and Michel Le Tellier , he was appointed "intendant d'armée" in Italy , in Paris during the Fronde , and in Catalonia . He first acted as a diplomat in 1655 , having to negotiate and sign a treaty with the Duke of Mantua , a mission he was to achieve outstandingly. But, as Jansenism began to widespread, his uncle Antoine Arnauld became one of its leaders, while his own father decided to retire in Port-Royal . It explains why, in 1658 , Mazarin refused to let him become chancellor of Monsieur , Louis XIV 's own brother. Worst of it, Pomponne turned to be both a client and a friend of Nicolas Fouquet , and married one of his cousins. Hence his exiles in Verdun in the East of France ( 1662 - 1664 ), then in his estate of Pomponne ( 1664 - 1665 ). THE DIPLOMAT Though he was allowed back in Paris by the King only in 1665 , his friendships with Michel Le Tellier , Le Pelletier and Hugues De Lionne enabled him to be promoted as ambassador to Sweden . His part was to prevent this State from entering the Triple Alliance ( 1665 - 1668 ). Even if Sweden strengthened its links with the United Provinces, Pomponne gave the King complete satisfaction, and was thus entrusted a new mission, this time in the United-Provinces ( 1668 - 1671 ). In 1671 , however, he was recalled to Sweden for the delicate mission of forging a new alliance between Sweden and France. Therefore, United Provinces were isolated on the diplomatic scale, and could be attacked by Louis XIV. After Hugues De Lionne , Secretary of State for Foreign affairs, died in September 1671, Simon Arnauld de Pomponne was brought to this board, of which he remained in charge until 1679 . His style is one of a real diplomat, trying to find agreements with other countries, during war times, while Louvois , Secretary of State for War, was more aggressive and keen to fight. While Pomponne managed to obtain the peace Treaty Of Nijmegen ( 1678 ), he was eventually dismissed at a time when the King wanted to conduct a more brutal Foreign policy (November, the 18th, 1679 ). THE AUTUMN OF HIS LIFE, BETWEEN SADNESS AND HONOURS However, the King remained favourable to him: his estate of Pomponne became a marquisate in 1682 , and his sons were offered a regiment and an important abbey. Louis XIV called him back in 1691 (as member of the "Conseil d'en haut", but without the charge of a specific board), right after Louvois ' death, and fostered the marriage of the son of the Secretary of State for Foreign affairs, the Marquis De Torcy , with Pomponne's daughter. Pomponne still played an important role in French policy in the 1690s. He died in Fontainebleau in 1699 . BIBLIOGRAPHY
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