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HISTORY Shoot boxing was developed in the wake of kickboxing's peak of popularity in Japan, around 1981. Drawing inspiration from several forms of martial arts, and directly derived from a martial art known as Shooto , shoot boxing was created in August 1985 by former kickboxer Caesar Takeshi. Some Mixed Martial Artists started out training in shoot boxing such as Hayato Sakurai . The first shoot boxing event took place on September 1 , 1985 MATCH FORM Professional shoot boxing matches fall into one of two classes, Expert class and Freshman class. The length of an Expert class match is three rounds of five minutes each, followed by extra rounds of three minutes each in the event of a tie. The interval between rounds is one minute. The length of a Freshman class match is three rounds of three minutes each, followed by more three minute rounds in the event of a tie. The interval between rounds is also one minute. WEIGHT CLASSES Professional shoot boxers were originally divided into Weight Class es as follows: Today, those classes have been replaced by a new arrangement, as follows: MATCH JUDGMENT One way to win a shoot boxing match is to knock one's opponent out. A fighter can be knocked out in different ways. If, after being knocked down, a fighter fails to stand up after a count of ten, or if, after standing up, he fails to assume a fighting stance after a count of eight, he is knocked out. The same occurs if a fighter is knocked out of the ring and fails to return before a count of twenty. A referee may also rule a fighter knocked out if the fighter shows no fighting spirit, appears unable to defend his or her self, or makes a gesture of submission. Technical knockouts can also occur in shoot boxing, in cases where the fighter is injured, the referee rules the fighter knocked out after two knockdowns in the same round, or the fighter's corner throws in the towel. A fight may also be stopped if a doctor rules that continuation would be dangerous to a fighter. If neither a knockout nor a technical knockout occurs, the winner is determined by a decision. Fighters are graded on their effectiveness on attack and defense, their success in achieving and escaping submissions, and how close they have come to ending the match. Decisions generally produce a winner, but can result in a draw. A judgement of "no contest" may also be returned, if the judges suspect foul play or conclude that the fighters are not fighting sincerely. GRADING Fighters are awarded points for their success in striking, throwing, and applying standing submission holds to their opponent. They are also given points for four categories of performance: number of times down, amount of damage done to opponent, number of clean hits, and aggressiveness. Fighters are graded from 1-10 in each category, with the difference of score in any one category being limited to 4 points. Extra points can be awarded at certain points in the match, when the referee makes certain calls. When a fighter performs a front or back throwing technique, the referee calls "shoot", denoting one of these opportunities. The other occurs when a fighter achieves a standing submission; at this point, the referee calls "catch". FOULS Foul play is recognized as the following ① to ⑬. After a warning, the fighter will receive a point deduction for further infractions. If the same fighter commits another foul, another point is deducted, and a final warning is given. If a third warning is given to the same fighter, he is disqualified and loses the fight. If the referee feels that it was not a flagrant foul, he may allow the fight to continue.
When either fighter receives a cut from a headbutt, the fighter that made the cut receives a point deduction, even if the headbutt was accidental. If the referee decides that the headbutt was intentional, the fighter receives a two point deduction.
"An attempt to escape attacks" is defined as the act whose intent is to interrupt the opponent's offense or defense by grappling immediately after an attack. A fighter will be disqualified in the case of any of the following situations:
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