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San Pedro, Los Angeles, California




San Pedro is a beach community within Los Angeles, California , USA. It was Annexed in 1909 and is a major seaport of the area. The town has grown from being dominated by the fishing industry to become primarily a blue-collar working town. The name of the town is pronounced by its residents, even its Hispanic residents, as ˈpidroʊ (in IPA ) rather than its Spanish pronunciation ( IPA : [samˈpeðɾo]).


GEOGRAPHY

San Pedro is located at (33.73583, -118.29139).


CLIMATE

The city is situated in a Mediterranean Climate zone (Köppen climate classification), experiencing mild, somewhat wet Winters and warm to hot Summers . Breezes from the Pacific Ocean tend to keep the beach community cooler in summer and warmer in winter than those in further inland Los Angeles; summer temperatures can sometimes be as much as 18 °F (10 °C) warmer in the inland communities compared to that of San Pedro and other Los Angeles coastal communities. The area also sees a phenomenon known as the "marine layer," a dense cloud cover caused by the proximity of the ocean that helps keep the temperatures cooler throughout the year. When the marine layer becomes more common and pervades farther inland during the months of May and June, it is called June Gloom .


HISTORY

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The site, at the southern end of the Palos Verdes Peninsula , on the west side of San Pedro Bay , was used by Spanish ships starting in the 1540s .


Origin of name

San Pedro was named after St. Peter of Alexandria, a 4th century bishop in Alexandria, Egypt. His feast day is November 24 , the day on which Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo discovered the bay in 1542 which would become "San Pedro." Santa Catalina Island , named after St. Katherine of Sinai, was also claimed for the Spanish Empire the next day, on her feast day, November 25th. In 1602-1603, Sebastián Vizcaíno ( 1548 - 1624 ) officially surveyed and mapped the California coastline, including San Pedro Bay, for New Spain .


Settlement

Regular settlement began in 1769 as part of the effort to populate California, although trade restrictions encouraged more smuggling than regular business. The Rancho San Pedro is the site of the first Spanish Land Grant in Alta California , New Spain . The land was granted in 1784 by King Carlos III to Juan Jose Dominguez, a retired Spanish soldier who came to California with the Gaspar De Portolà expedition.

When New Spain won its independence from the Spanish Empire and Alta California became part of Mexico , the trade restrictions were lifted, and the town flourished.
Under United States control after 1848 , when the United States defeated Mexico in the Mexican-American War , the harbor was greatly improved and expanded under the guidance of Phineas Banning . San Pedro became a major port of the West Coast and is now the busiest port in the country.

In 1888 , the War Department took control of a tract of land next to the bay and added to it in 1897 and 1910 . This became Fort MacArthur in 1914 and was a coastal defense site for many years. Many other facilities were established in the San Pedro area, and it was a popular Port Of Call for U.S. Navy ships, especially during World War II. The town became a well known watering hole for sailors and Marines during leave and established a reputation as a rough-and-tumble town that, to a certain extent, it still maintains today.


Los Angeles Annexation

In 1906 , the City of Los Angeles annexed a long narrow strip of land connecting the city to the coast, and in 1909 , the city annexed San Pedro and the adjacent town of Wilmington . The odd shape is still seen in the map of the city.


PORT OF LOS ANGELES


See Also: Port of Los Angeles



San Pedro, Wilmington, and Terminal Island are the locations of the Port of Los Angeles.


LOCATIONS OF INTEREST

One San Pedro landmark is the Vincent Thomas Bridge , a 1,500-foot- long Suspension Bridge linking San Pedro with Terminal Island and named after California Assembly man Vincent Thomas. It is the third longest suspension bridge in California. Nearby is the Los Angeles Maritime Museum , the largest Maritime Museum in California, as is the Museum Ship SS ''Lane Victory'' , a fully operational Victory Ship of World War II and National Historic Landmark .

The Frank Gehry -designed Cabrillo Marine Aquarium is also in San Pedro. The Point Fermin Light house, a Victorian-era structure built in the late 19th century, still exists as a museum and park on a bluff overlooking the ocean. The Korean Bell Of Friendship is a massive bronze memorial Bell donated by South Korea in 1976 to the people of Los Angeles.

In 2003, the San Pedro Waterfront Red Car Line was opened, along the waterfront between downtown San Pedro and the Cruise Ship Terminal. This line includes two newly constructed streetcars built to resemble the wood-bodied cars used in the early days of the Pacific Electric railway, which once operated more than 1,000 miles of track running city and interurban streetcars in Southern California. The 1.5-mile line operates along former Pacific Electric trackage. The line, built and maintained by the Port Of Los Angeles , also has one original restored Pacific Electric streetcar, which is used only for special charter excursions and special events. This original car was used as a model for construction of the two new replica streetcars. Discussions have been held to extend the line to the Cabrillo Marine Aquarium .

Twenty-Eighth Street in San Pedro, between Gaffey Street and Peck Avenue, is the steepest section of public roadway in Los Angeles. For about 50 feet, the street climbs at a 33.3% angle, although the rest of the street is less steep. {Link without Title}


SPECIAL EVENTS

  • Annual Los Angeles Harbor Holiday Afloat Parade: the 2006 parade was the 43rd edition.

  • Annual Holiday Spirit of San Pedro Parade: the 2006 parade was the 27th

  • Annual Taste of San Pedro, held at Point Fermin Park. The event features local restaurants and musicians.

  • Annual Chocolate Lobster Dive-a-Thon, held at Cabrillo Beach where participants SCUBA dive for "chocolate lobsters" for prizes.

  • First Thursday Artwalk & Dining, held in Downtown San Pedro on Sixth and Seventh Streets between Pacific Avenue and Mesa.

  • Annual Festival of Philippine Arts & Culture, held at Point Fermin Park. Now in its 16th year, FPAC is the largest presenter of Philippine arts and culture in Southern California presenting over 1200 artists in 9 disciplines and attracting over 20,000 audience members from all over the country. The event will be September 8 & 9.




DEMOGRAPHIC HISTORY


Ethnically diverse, San Pedro was a magnet for European immigrants from various countries for years, reflected in the
number of restaurants representing diverse cuisines, especially Portuguese , Mexican , Croatian , Italian , and Greek . San Pedro is home to the largest Italian-American community in Southern California , centered on the "Via Italia" (South Cabrillo Avenue). Estimates state that the community numbers about 45,000 Italian-Americans. San Pedro is also considered a heart of the Croatian community in Los Angeles. This community, originally comprised of seafarers and fishermen from the Dalmatia (especially the islands of Brač , Hvar , Vis and Korčula ) region, has been present in San Pedro since the settlement began more than 200 years ago. The City of Los Angeles even named a stretch of 9th Street "Croatian Place" in honor of the city's old Croatian community. There are reportedly more than 35,000 Croats in San Pedro, making it the biggest Croatian community on the Pacific. {Link without Title} .

A large portion of San Pedro is also composed of Mexican-Americans with long-time roots in the community, Mexican and other Hispanic immigrants, and African-Americans . Much of their populations are based in the older, east side of the community surrounding the downtown area and bordering the Port of Los Angeles.

Until February 1942, San Pedro was home to a vibrant (East San Pedro).

These Japanese immigrants pioneered albacore fishing out of San Pedro Bay and harvesting abalone off of White Point, thus leading the way in establishing a viable fishing industry in San Pedro.

The 48-hour forced expulsion of these San Pedro residents and the razing of their homes and shops, as part of the Japanese-American Internment during World War II , is described in Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston 's memoir '' Farewell To Manzanar ''.


ETHNICITY & RACE

(Population 72,146)
The racial make up of San Pedro according to the 2000 U.S. Census data is 63.02% Caucasian (Croatian, Italian, Hispanic-Whites, Middle Eastern) 6.45% Black, 1.02% American Indian and Alaska Native alone, 4.78% Asian, 0.40% Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, 18.02% some other race, and 6.30% two or more races. Separate from those statistics, 41.14% of "Caucasians" identify themselves as Hispanic or Latino, and 43.41% as "Caucasian" alone, not Hispanic or Latino. {Link without Title}


EDUCATION

San Pedro is served by the Los Angeles Unified School District. San Pedro High School and the Port of Los Angeles High School are primary senior high schools within the region. San Pedro High School is home to the protected landmarks in the form of The English Language Arts and Administration Buildings (c. 1939, 1936, resp.). The school recently celebrated its 100 year anniversary in 2003. It is home to both the Marine Science and Police Academy Magnet programs. Port of Los Angeles High School is a public charter high school, fusing a college preparatory program with elective coursework in International Business and Maritime Studies. Such studies reinforce the significant impact of California’s ports on the global economy and international trade.

Test scores tend to be higher in the area's elementary schools than in its middle and high schools {Link without Title} .

;Primary Schools (Grades 1-5)

;Secondary Schools (Grades 6-12)


;Private Schools (Grades 9-12)

;Continuation Schools


Libraries

Los Angeles Public Library operates the San Pedro Branch.


IN THE MEDIA


Film



Television



Press

  • Many city residents subscribe to or purchase the local newspaper, the Daily Breeze . In 2003, it created a weekly, More San Pedro, in the San Pedro Harbor Area.

  • --- Other papers available for subscription or purchase include the Los Angeles Times and the Long Beach Press-Telegram .



NOTABLE RESIDENTS




;Art
  • Elmer Batters , nylon/foot fetish photographer

  • Mark Machado, better known as " Mister Cartoon ", prolific tattoo artist, studio set and CD cover illustrator, co-creator of the Joker line of clothing, jewelry, and leather wear.


;Acting
  • Mike Lookinland , who played the youngest brother, Bobby Brady, on "The Brady Bunch" television series from 1969 until 1974, lived in San Pedro while a child actor.

  • Patrick Muldoon , had regular reoccurring roles in the well-known soap operas " Days of Our Lives " and " Melrose Place ". Starred in 1997 film " Starship Troopers ".

  • Sharon Tate , actress and wife of Roman Polanski , brutally murdered by the "Manson Family".

  • D.L. Hughley , comedian and actor. Attended San Pedro High School. Currently starring in the NBC series "Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip."


;Music
  • hits including "You're the Biggest Part of Me" and "(Thats) How Much I Feel".

  • Juan Covarrubias ,Created Purple Haze Productions has over 20 Bone Thugs,2pac,andEazy-E,(unnoficial) Videos

  • John Bettis : Lyricist for many big artists including: Micheal Jackson, Madonna, The Carpenters, Whitney Houston and others. He has won an Emmy award and has been nominated for an Oscar for his work on the Godfather III theme song.

  • band grew up in San Pedro and the band was formed there. Bassist/songwriter Mike Watt still lives in San Pedro and is an active participant in its music scene. Drummer George Hurley still lives in San Pedro, as well.

  • Krist Novoselic , the bassist of Nirvana , grew up in San Pedro before moving to Aberdeen, Washington .

  • Jack Anthony , singer/songwriter and lead singer of the Jack Anthony band, was born and raised in San Pedro and has released several punk/rock/pop albums and one EP which contains a song entitled "Averill Park", named after a local San Pedro park. In 2006 MTV filmed a reality show called "Garage Band Makeover" with the band.

  • Art Pepper , Jazz Saxophonist , was born and raised there.

  • Brenton Wood , singer and songwriter, his biggest hit "Gimme Little Sign" reached #9 on the pop charts in 1967.

  • Eric Erlandson , co-founder of and lead guitarist for 90's rock/grunge band Hole . 1981 graduate of San Pedro High School. He also attended Holy Trinity Catholic School, Dana Junior High School (now Middle School) and Los Angeles Harbor College.


;Politics

;Sports
  • Joe Amalfitano , long-time 3rd base coach for the Los Angeles Dodgers. Part of the 1981 and 1988 World Series championship teams.

  • Alan Ashby, gold-glove winning catcher for the Houston Astros in the 1970'-1980's.

  • Denise Austin , Fitness guru

  • Ronnie Barber Sr., played tight end for the Kansas City Chiefs in the old AFL.

  • James Cotton , ex-CSULB basketball standout. Sharpshooting guard was selected in the 2nd round by the Seattle Supersonics in the 1997 NBA Draft. Played 2 seasons for Seattle.

  • Joe Danelo , ex-kicker for the New York Giants.

  • Mario Danelo , record setting ex-placekicker for the 2006 NCAA national champion USC Trojans tragically fell to his death in the cliffs overlooking Santa Catalina Island in San Pedro in 2007.

  • Gary Gabelich , set the Guinness Book of World Records driving his rocket-powered "Blue Flame" vehicle for a world land speed record of 622.287 M.P.H. at Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah on October 23, 1970. Record stood for 13 years.

  • Bob Gross , starting small forward for the Portland Trailblazers 1977 NBA championship team.

  • Brian Harper , former starting catcher for the 1991 World Champion Minnesota Twins. Manager of Los Angeles Angels triple-A affiliate Salt Lake City Bees.

  • Dennis Johnson , Boston Celtic and Seattle Supersonic basketball great in the 1970s and 1980s. Won 3 NBA championship rings.

  • Richard Johnson , former USFL and Detroit Lion wide receiver.

  • Ed Jurak , utility infielder for the Boston Red Sox in the 1970s and 1980s.

  • Andy Lopez, former head baseball coach of at the University of Florida. Coached Pepperdine University in 1992 to the College World Series title. Currently the head baseball coach at the University of Arizona.

  • Garry Maddox , 8-time golden glove winning and starting center fielder for the 1980 World Champion Philadelphia Phillies.

  • Haven Moses , former starting wide receiver for the Denver Broncos in the 1970s. Started in Super Bowl XII versus the Dallas Cowboys.

  • Willie Naulls , ex-UCLA basketball great. Played power forward/center for New York Knicks and the Boston Celtics. 4-time NBA All-Star with the Knicks in the 1950s. Won 3 NBA Championships with the Celtics in the 1960s.

  • Angela Nikodinov has finished in the top five in the U.S. National Figure Skating Championships 7 times (1996-2004) and placed 4th in the World in 2002.

  • Raul Rojas, boxing lightweight championship contender in the 1960s.

  • Norm Schachter , three time Super Bowl referee in the National Football League .

  • Rob Van Dam , an American professional wrestler

  • Tim Wrightman , ex-UCLA star and starting tight end for the dominant 1985 Super Bowl XX Champion Chicago Bears.


;Writers and poets
  • Louis Adamic , 1899-1951 Slovenian-American novelist and journalist who wrote about American minorities & immigrants.

  • Richard Armour , poet and author who wrote over sixty books, was born in San Pedro on July 25, 1906.

  • Charles Bukowski , author and poet, lived there in his later years.Ciotti, Paul. (March 22, 1987) Los Angeles Times ''Bukowski: He's written more than 40 books, and in Europe he's treated like a rock star. He has dined with Norman Mailer and goes to the race track with Sean Penn. Mickey Rourke and Faye Dunaway are starring in a movie based on his life. At 66, poet Charles Bukowski is suddenly in vogue.'' Section: Los Angeles Times Magazine; Page 12.

  • "San Pedro is real quiet. It used to be a seaport full of whorehouses and bars. latter are still in abundance. I like the quietness. They ask you how you're doing, they really want to know."

    • Richard Henry Dana author of the famous memoir " Two Years Before The Mast ." Dana was not a resident but rather a famous visitor to San Pedro, who wrote about the experience in his memoir. San Pedro's first middle school is named after him.

    • "Two days brought us to San Pedro, and two days more (to our no small joy)gave us our last view of that place, which was universally called the hell of California and seemed designed in every way for the wear and tear of sailors. Not even the last view could bring out one feeling of regret. No thanks, thought I, as we left the hated shores in the distance, for the hours I have walked over your stones barefooted, with hides on my head, -- for the burdens I have carried up your steep, muddy hill, --for the duckings in your surf; and for the long days and longer nights passed on your desolate hill, watching piles of hides, hearing the sharp bark of your eternal coyotes, and the dismal hooting of your owls."

      • Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston , author of the popular memoir '' Farewell To Manzanar '' on the internment of Japanese-Americans during World War II . She briefly lived in East San Pedro ( Terminal Island ).

      • "In those days it San Pedro was a company town, a ghetto owned and controlled by the canneries. The men went after fish, and whenever the boats came back-day or night-the woman would be called to process the catch while it was fresh. One in the afternoon or four in the morning, it made no difference...I can still hear the whistle--two toots for French's, three for Van Camp's--and she [Mom] and Chizu would be out of bed in the middle of the night, heading for the cannery."

        • Louis L'Amour , Western Fiction Writer. 1

        • "The worst times were when he was "on the beach" - on shore, in San Pedro, California, between ships and broke. "I slept in boxcars and under piles of lumber, and took jobs no one else wanted. I was 18 and looked 24. There were several times I went three and four days without eating. I didn't beg or steal, just went without. I'd like to recover for my readers what it's really like to be hungry. I have a penchant for stories about survival, lessons in survival. I've been a survivor most of my life." L'Amour chronicled some of his experiences on the beach in San Pedro in is 1980 book Yondering .."