| S-adenosyl Methionine |
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''S''-adenosyl methionine (SAM) is a s that use SAM. Although these Anabolic reactions occur throughout the body, most SAM is produced and consumed in the liver. The methyl group (CH3) attached to the methionine sulfur atom in SAM is chemically reactive. This allows donation of this group to an acceptor substrate in Transmethylation reactions. More than 40 Metabolic reactions involve the transfer of a methyl group from SAM to various substrates such as Nucleic Acid s, Protein s and Lipid s. BIOCHEMISTRY OF ''S''-ADENOSYL METHIONINE SAM cycle The reactions that produce, consume and regenerate SAM are called the SAM cycle. In the first step of this cycle, the SAM-dependent , by one of the two classes of Methionine Synthase s EC 2.1.1.13 or EC 2.1.1.14 . This methionine can then be converted back to SAM, completing the cycle.3 Polyamine biosynthesis Another major role of SAM is in . This compound then donates its n-propylamine group in the biosynthesis of polyamines such as Spermidine and Spermine from Putrescine .4 SAM is required for cellular growth and repair. It is also involved in the biosynthesis of several hormones and neurotransmitters that affect mood, such as Dopamine and Serotonin . Methyltransferase s are also responsible for the addition of methyl groups to the 2' hydroxyls of the first and second Nucleotide s next to the 5' cap in Messenger RNA .56 THERAPEUTIC USES OF SAM In the United States SAM is sold as a Nutritional Supplement under the marketing name SAM-e (also spelled SAME or SAMe; pronounced "sam ee"). SAM is also known as Gumbaral, Samyr, Adomet and Admethionine. Some research has shown that taking SAM on a regular basis can help fight Depression , |
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