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Rosalind Elsie Franklin ( and Polio viruses. She died in 1958 of Bronchopneumonia , secondary carcinomatosis, and Cancer Of The Ovary , within minutes of her last paper being read at the Faraday Society. BACKGROUND Franklin was born in England into an affluent and influential British-Jewish family.Maddox p. 3 Her uncle was Herbert Samuel (later Viscount Samuel) who was Home Secretary in 1916 and the first practicing Jew to serve in the British Cabinet .Maddox p. 7 He was also the first High Commissioner (effectively governor) for the British Mandate Of Palestine . Her aunt Helen was married to Norman Bentwich who was Attorney General in the British Mandate of Palestine.Segev p. She was active in Trade Union organization and Women's Suffrage , and was later a member of the London County Council .Sayre p. 31Maddox p. 40 Franklin was educated at St Paul's Girls' School Maddox p. 25Sayre p. 41 where she excelled in LatinMaddox p. 30 and sport.Maddox, p. 26 Her family were actively involved with a Working Men's College, where Ellis Franklin, her father, taught electricity, magnetism and the history of the Great War in the evenings and later became vice principal.Maddox, p. 20Sayre, p. 35 Later they helped settle Jewish refugees from Europe who had escaped the Nazis . University education In the summer of 1938 Franklin went to , as women were not entitled to degrees (BA Cantab.) from Cambridge at the time. British Coal Utilisation Research Association She worked for Ronald Norish between 1941 and 1942. Because of her desire to work during World War II , she worked at the British Coal Utilisation Research Association in Kingston-upon-Thames from August 1942, studying the Porosity of Coal . Her work helped spark the idea of high-strength Carbon fibres and was the basis of her doctoral degree-"The physical chemistry of solid organic Colloid s with special reference to Coal and related materials" that she earned in 1945.Maddox, pp.40-82Sayre pp. 47-57 ''Laboratoire central des services chimiques de l'État'' After the war ended Franklin accepted an offer to work in Paris with Jacques Mering.Maddox, page 87 She learned X-ray Diffraction techniques during her three years at the ''Laboratoire central des services chimiques de l'État''.Maddox, p. 88 She seemed to have been very happy thereMaddox, p. 92 and earned an international reputation based on her published research on the structure of coal.Franklin (1950) In 1950 she sought work in England Maddox, p. 108 and in June 1950 she was appointed to a position at King's College London .Maddox, p. 111 King's College London |
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