Information AboutPeronism |
| CATEGORIES ABOUT PERONISM | |
| political theories | |
| politics of argentina | |
| latin american and chicano nationalism | |
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Peronism ( political movement based on the ideas and programs associated with former president Juan Perón . Perón's party, the '' Partido Justicialista '' (which lives on to this day), derived its name from the Spanish words for "justice" (''justicia'') and "socialist" (''socialista''). Peronism has been difficult to define according to traditional political classifications, and probably different periods must be distinguished. A in France, which at first succeeded in creating in the immediate post-war period a large coalition from the left-wing (excluding only Communist s) to the right-wing, before turning itself into a more Conservative movement in the 1960s-70s. Furthermore, the absence of Perón himself, who lived during 20 years in exile in Franquist Spain , is also an important key to understand Peronism, as he could be invoked by all kind of Argentine sectors opposed to the current state of affairs. The memory of Eva Perón , in particular, was fondly conserved in workers' hearts, while at the contrary strongly despised by the "national Bourgeoisie ". Thus, the left-wing and Catholic Montoneros supported Perón as well as, at its end, the Fascist-leaning and strongly anti-Semitic '' Movimiento Nacionalista Tacuara '', one of Argentine's first Guerrilla movement. All in all, Perón was a pragmatic figure, and through the course of his long career his views would frequently change. His ideology was nevertheless marked by some constants, including:
PERONIST POLICIES Perón's ideas were widely embraced by a variety of different groups in Argentina across the political spectrum. Perón's personal views would eventually become a burden on the ideology, his anti-clericalism did not strike a sympathetic chord amongst upper class Argentinians. Perón's public speeches were consistently Nationalist and Populist . It would also be difficult to separate Peronism from Corporate Nationalism , for Perón nationalized Argentina's large corporations, blurring distinctions between corporations and government. At the same time, the Labor Union s became corporate themselves, relinquishing the right to strike in agreements with Perón as Secretary of Welfare in the military government from 1943-45. In exchange, the state was to assume the role of negotiator between conflicting interests. PERONISM AND FASCISM Peronism is sometimes considered to be a Fascist ideology, though this would be a rather shallow reading of Perón's government. After Perón was overthrown in a coup in 1955 (the '' Revolución Libertadora ''), led by General Aramburu , he spent 18 years in exile, mostly in Francisco Franco 's Spain . Though his feelings for Franco were mixed, Perón never disguised his admiration for Benito Mussolini 's domestic policies. Despite fascist comparisons, Perón and his administration never resorted to systematically organized violence. Peronism also lacked a strong interest in matters of Foreign Policy other than the belief that the political and economic influences of other nations should be kept out of Argentina and could thus be said to be somewhat Isolationist . Peron, despite his ties to Mussolini, never showed parallels to ordered the repeal of a secret directive issued in 1938, under the presidency of Roberto María Ortiz , prohibiting Argentine diplomats from granting visas to Jews fleeing The Holocaust in Europe. This was the first admission by the Argentine government of the anti-Semitism that marked the country's immigration policies during and after World War II. LEGACY Today, there are several Argentine political parties identifying themselves as Peronist. REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHY
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